I am very pleased to accept this award and to have the opportunity to comment on the many faces of philanthropy. Philanthropy is exemplified by many types of Foundations. It has many definitions which run the gamut from the most simple to the most complex. The love of mankind as manifested in good works the art of giving money away. Phillips philanthropic agency having a large endowment and accomplishing its purposes primarily through the making of Grants. A non-governmental non-for-profit organization having a principal fund managed by its own trustees and directors and establish to maintain or to aid social educational charitable religious and other activities serving the common good. The definitions of philanthropists covers the same broad span of interpretation. A man who atones openly for what he has done secretly. A nice Old Gentleman who has trained himself to Grimm while his conscience is picking his pocket. A number of wealthy individuals characterized by a few who do three things with their wealth. They leave it to their heirs. They give it away for charitable purposes at their death, or they devoted to charitable purpose in their own lifetime. As many of you know foundations have been discussed researched and legislated against then the early 1900s. Much of the findings supported by the various meeting of Committees of the House of Representatives under Congressman Cox reefs and Patman and brought attention to the many abuses by a few foundations. And these abuses were substantially corrected by the tax reform Act of 1969. The subsequent work follow-up work was done with the philanthropic sector under the work of Allen Pfeiffer and the filer Commission. In his book us philanthropic foundations Warren Weaver and notes that in dealing with the Excel assessment of philanthropic activities. One must have faith in the ultimate value of sincere honest dedicated well-intentioned and a blim and attempts. however difficult assessment is the fact remains that competent persons expert and experienced in a wide variety of fields have born clear witness to their own convictions that foundations are serving Society will In my original paper draft, I had a whole list of support evidence and for the time at hand, I'm going to skip that but it is the most positive available. I want to talk about briefly the measurement of philanthropic growth for the period of 1955 to 1987 which shows dramatic growth in the dollars committed and distributed for philanthropic purposes as well as the significant changes in the areas of all those funds are being used. In 1955 corporations gave 415 million dollars for charity in 1987 corporations gave four and a half billion dollars for charity and I must note to you that in 1987. There was a drop of 250 million dollars in corporate giving Foundations in 1955 gave 300 million in 1987. They gave six billion 380 million. The quests in 1980 or 55 was 237 million in 1987 five billion 980 million dollars and individuals in 1955 gave six billion seven hundred and fifty million dollars and in 1987. The total was 76 billion eight hundred and twenty million dollars. the uses of contributions comparing 1972 1987 and the area of Human Services in 1970. There was committed two million nine hundred or two billion nine hundred twenty million dollars. In 1987. There was committed nine billion eight hundred and forty million dollars in arts and humanities 660 million in 1970 and six billion four hundred and ten million in 1987. In the public and Society benefit area 450 million in 1973 billion 150 million in 1987. In health three billion four hundred and forty million in 1970 and in 1987 13 billion 650 million. In education three billion two hundred and eighty and nineteen seventy 10 billion eight hundred and forty million in 87 and religion nine billion 340 in nineteen seventy and forty three billion six hundred and ten million in 1987. And there are two other areas one named area or other in the other owner allocated which account for about six billion dollars in 1987. The use of the funds in 1987 was as follows ten and a half percent for Human Services. 6.8% in arts and humanities 14.5% in health three point three percent in public Society benefit 11.7% in education 46.5 in religion and other in allocated 6% There are four common ways of determining the areas of contributions and in 1987 corporations gave 4.8% foundations gave 6.8% bequest was at 6.38 and individuals gave 82 percent of the total allocated. a brief summary of the definitions of sampling of the pros and cons of the philanthropic sector a presentation showing the growth And they attempt to indicate the increase in the issue areas of the last 10 to 20 years will not suffice to ease the fear and the uncertainty and the sense of hopelessness which pervades our minds and our emotions. Think for a moment of the dramatic changes in our communities as evidenced by the startling statistics of the time. In 1926 the leading cause of death among black males ages 15 to 25 was homicide. St. Paul drug dealer reportedly drove through his neighborhood throwing ten and twenty dollar bills out the window at small children telling them there was more of that to come if they would start helping him. An estimated 2.2 million children were reported abused and neglected in 1986. This represents an increase of more than 90% since 1981. I recently heard on a visit to the east side of Los Angeles in visiting the parents of gang members, and it was very difficult to explain to your children that you ought to go to school and finish and get a job. When one male parent said he discovered under his 15 year old son's bed 40 thousand in cash and the revolver. the high incidence of teenage pregnancy 12 and 13 year old mothers and 21 year old grandmothers in 1985, Minnesota statistics indicate the following 22.7 percent of all white births are out of wedlock. Seventy-two percent of all black births are out of wedlock. Eighty percent of all Indian births are out of wedlock. Eighty percent of the teens who give birth at age 17 or younger do not finish High School. The service industry is taking over in America. It provides for no middle incomes forty percent of the jobs are below the poverty level. Of the 33 million in America who are below the poverty level 69 percent are white. 20% of all June college graduates in 1985 got jobs, which require no college background at all. Sixteen-year-olds with two children and no job skills are the greatest challenge to service providers today. When eight month old chamel Jackson died in New York City from poverty Complicated by low birth weight. Poor nutrition viral infection and homelessness. We did not hear much about him. The during his short life. He never slept in an apartment or home. He had slept in shelters with strangers in hospitals in welfare offices in welfare hotels. And in the Subways which he and his mother Road late at night when there was no place else to go. The bulk of the young people who are at risk are subjected to psychological genocide. They are robbed of self-esteem and the capacity to achieve. They are trivialised and regulated. At best to ever decreasing job levels and at worst to Correctional institutions whose per capita cost are many times greater than the cost of Effective Education. Those who do not live in the inner city. Do not see crime or arson or poverty. And therefore most believe that it does not exist at the level. We say it does. There were 370 murders in Washington DC in 1988. 362 black and 8 White There are already in 1989 in Washington DC 139 murders. By 1955 more than three-fourths of all school children some 35 million. And two-thirds of all preschool children 15 million will have Mother's working. During the day. In 1985 more than 11 million children younger than 18, which is one in every six children in the US were completely non-insured as far as health insurance went. two-thirds of them live in families in which at least one parent Works full-time 14 million women of childbearing age are uninsured. There is a seven hundred percent increase in the divorce rate since 1900. If the current trends continue less than 30 percent of black men will be employed by 19 or by the year 2000. And by then seventy percent of all black families will be headed by single women. And the last statistic our society reacts to me him. In the state's prison systems where 40 percent one percent are black. Where every 100 billion in construction costs an additional 1.6 billion is required for salaries for operating costs and for debt retirement. My question to you is can anyone among us deny that our help is needed. As we wrestle with this persistent cycle of human and social degradation. We are confronted with a fundamental proposition. the makers of our society the philanthropists and the philanthropists do not identify or sympathize with those whom our system has rejected and which keeps on rejecting. Perhaps we need as many sociologists have noted the confrontation of posturing. Of those in need in our present day. And I want to quote briefly from Tom Wolfe's book on radical chick and Mao mowing the flak catchers, which was prevalent in the 1960s and 70s. And he's talking about the bureaucrats. And he says they sat back and waited for you to come toting in with your certified angry militants. Your Garn teed frustrated ghetto youth looking like a bunch of wild men. Then you had your test confrontation. If you were outrageous enough, if you could shake up the bureaucrats so bad that their eyes froze into ice balls and their mouth twisted up into Smiles of sheer physical Panic into shit eating grin so to speak Then they knew you were the real Goods. They knew you were the right studs to give the poverty grants and Community organizing jobs to otherwise they wouldn't know. One of the Chicano starts it off by asking the straight question, which is about how many summer jobs the mission groups are going to get. And this is the opening phrase the straight-faced phase in the art of Momo. Well says the plaque catcher. Andy gives it a Twist To The Head and the fling of the hand and the ingratiating smile. It's hard for me to answer that the way I'd like to answer it and the way I know you'd like for me to answer. Because that's precisely what we're working on back in, Washington. But I can tell you this. At this point I see no reason why our project allocation should be any list. If all we're looking at is the urban factor numbers of this area because that should remain the same Of course if there's been any substantial pre-funding in Washington for the fixed asset part of the program like Head Start or the community health centers that could alter the picture. But we're very hopeful and as soon as we have the figures I can tell you people that you will be the first to know. It goes on like this for a little while. And he kept saying things like I don't know the answer to that right now, but I'll do everything I can to find out and let you know. The way he says that you can tell he thinks you're going to be impressed with how honesty is about what he doesn't know. Or he says I wish we could give everybody jobs. Believe me. I would like nothing better both personally and as a representative of this office. When black people first started using the confrontation tactic they made a secret discovery. There was an extra dividend to this tactic. There was a very creamy dessert. It wasn't just that you registered your protest and show the white man that you meant business and weakened his resolve to keep up the walls of Oppression. It wasn't just that you got poverty money and influence. There was something sweet that happened right there on the spot. You made the white Man Quake you brought fear into his face. And as we look at the Times, perhaps we need to reinstitute the art of mower Mowing and confrontation. So that we might understand the imperative of the times. So far today, I've attempted to give you a beef a brief background on the environment within the area of philanthropy. I trust that the brief material has been helping and noting some of our past history some figure showing the growth of the philanthropic movement in the United States. Noting of the issue areas where these funds have been directed and where the new issues are leading us and our organizations to the basic human issues facing our society. my topic the many faces of philanthropy has provided me with an opportunity unparalleled. To review my past roles in the area of Human Service. And an equal opportunity to review the last 20 years of my role in philanthropy. I have selected several phases of philanthropy about which I wish to make a few person who comments. first diversity diversity is the great strength in the Minnesota philanthropic community. Diversity in the size of assets diversity of programs diversity of individual policies and guidelines diversity of geographical areas of grant-making diversity in the types of Foundations yet A diversity without placing the stigma of good or bad positive or negative or high and low. The strength of a broadly Diversified philanthropic Community negates the often hope for commonest or Oneness of mission and thrust within the philanthropic community. Recent attempts are being made to provide for a common Mission or the working out of community goals and program priorities, which would have a so bound together that diversity would not be possible. And I believe this should be discouraged. Diversity is that special element which helps to ensure freedom and individuality and it is that element that provides for a healthy giving community. It provides for the pioneering of new approaches seed money mobilizing resources technical assistance Innovative Capital Pools of funds scholarships funds for women and minorities aid for housing emergencies neighborhoods. With the foundations and corporations being able to freely sit select those funds and organizations that meet their criteria and their priorities. One should not also forget that there is external diversity and internal diversity. The diversity without to be different from other foundations the diversity within to select a wide variety of funding priorities with the grand making role of that particular Foundation or Corporation. second arrogance others don't always see us as we would have ourselves seen we come across somewhat standoffish arrogant and self serving. hesitant to stand alone on the issues and fearful of controversy We shy away from the new the untried and the controversial. Most of us wait to see and to hear what somebody else is going to think and do and then do likewise. Arrogance is quite implicit in the notion that Foundation should be on The Cutting Edge of social change. For it implies a complete and a comprehensive understanding of the social order in order to bring it about. Holding people responsible is sometimes misconstrued as arrogant or not agreeing with others assumptions or Not by not allowing ourselves to be trapped by guilt by intimidation or manipulation. Arrogance has many subtleties. Those organizations working with the poor the disadvantaged in the minorities find themselves receiving less attention and being excluded from the decision-making process because the philanthropic sector makes its Decisions by where we are placed in the societal structure. By the ethos and values of our peer group. By seeing people as our kind of people. By responding to the Charisma of a staff person or the overpowering presence of corporate executive serving as board members without the Assurance of quality performance. Too many foundations support only people and projects that unquestionably accept Orthodox assumptions about the nature and the consequence of those institutions that form our society. the bothersome thing about all of this is that we sanctimoniously pretend it isn't so perhaps the greatest display is the arrogance of power. think for a moment of the many examples before us the ability of a corporation to win an award for reporting people in the broad Community the opportunity to receive job training. And at the same time the corporation is employing many hundreds of people in their real estate or in their retail establishments at the lowest wages and without benefits. To me it is the arrogance of confusing charitable dollars as good citizenship while at the same time extending the poverty of their own workers. We are caught up in a time when we are witnessing excesses of arrogance throughout our society. the stockbroker who manages to make 500 million in one year athletes who receive several million in salaries Corporate Executives who receive million-dollar bonuses while thousands of employees at the same company are being laid off or terminated. Corporations who pressure their charitable recipients to bring undue influence within the area of friendly or unfriendly by Oates by suggesting that future charitable contributions might be brought to an end. To those of us who stand idly by and acquiesce we do nothing. We can we become partners of the arrogance. Philanthropy is being judged as to whether it is liberating the lives of those individuals who are trapped in the morass of poverty. It is a sign that we need to look to the formulation into the teaching of a greater sense of values. and ethics in our society professionalism Over the years I've received and collected the number of letters from jobseekers and I'd like to share one of them with you witch. I think is the perfect example of professionalism. quote I am seeking an expression of my values and worth through the use of mine own potentials and by discovering and by developing my unknown ones. I would also like to help others validate themselves or provide a better environment for this process. To a certain degree my background is a reflection of this attitude. and in my case implies exploration I can make a contribution to the rich history of the Twin City foundations in improving the lives of disadvantaged people. I have served as the top staff person building organizations from scratch after previous units have failed. I have wonderful skills ready for immediate use I offered the McKnight Foundation of proven ability to consistently obtain results and create value by identifying talented talented people and sound programs. I have been able to recognize attract motivate and Mentor bright and energetic men and women. They respond to my leadership and together. We have made organizations more effective. I'm also a good judge of an idea. I can crystallize the risks opportunities and my critical assumptions underlying funding requests and my line operating experience has given me a sense of the possible. Every time I read this it kind of leaves me with a tingling of great anticipation in meeting this person. It also reminds me of the story of the two cows standing in the field alongside a major highway contentedly chewing their cud. And suddenly a milk truck goes by and there are words on the side of the truck and marginalized pasteurized and fortified. In one cow turns to the other and says makes you feel kind of inadequate, doesn't it? In 1965. If I remember correctly, there were only about 10 professionals or persons who could be called Professionals in Foundation Management in Minnesota. Most of the corporate and family foundation's were headed by members of the families and it wasn't until the events of the mid 60s and 70s the riots. The murder of Martin Luther King and President Kennedy the emergence of the Great Society Head Start Peace Corps and the office of Economic Opportunity. These demanded new oversight and management within the foundations and the corporations with the time in the skills to meet the problems of the day. Today there appeared to be over 200 professional staff within the foundation field in, Minnesota. And this professionalisation of philanthropy has dramatically improved the performance of Foundations and corporations and has constructively assisted in the addressing and solving of individual and Community problems. However, let us Beware of the danger of becoming managers. Managers of the process and losing sight of the personal relationships needed with the ultimate clients of our grants and programs. Academic preparation and the skills for staff work do not prepare us adequately. We must not and cannot lose sight. From the personal relationships and knowledge necessary to understand the plight of the minorities. And those caught up in the morass of poverty. Compassion creativity and vision cannot be learned except through the give-and-take of personal experience the emerging tendency to measure performance in one dimension that of immediate. success significant part of the challenge is to learn how to create a richer experience to strive to take risks and to provide evidence that we believe in Carrie. evaluation for many years the philanthropic Community Based evaluation of its programs on the process, which was used to evaluate the program or to initiate the program itself. Namely The pre-ground Proposal review and the grantee organizations reporting process during the project and that the Project's completion. In recent years the Advent of public-private Partnerships and the process of requesting funding proposals from grantees and most importantly The Joint initiation by grantor and grantee in a Grassroots process. Have led us to Quality evaluations, which are initiated as the basic goals are defined and carried on into the development of the program. And then are used to complete the final accountability and evaluation so that the programs could be corrected and accomplished and they could be recognized. It is the quality of work which identifies the gold discovers if the goals are achievable. And most importantly identify how people's lives are enhanced over a period of time. It has become a process which increases the effectiveness of the work undertaken if we hope to explore the critical problems of the day. Too often our evaluations have been a process and have not been concerned or based on the question. What happened to the people? I'm personally indebted to Michael patent for his friendship and for his important leadership work in the area of utilization focused evaluation. I'm also indebted to him for the quotation from how comes the real story of Paradise Lost which is entitled toward more useful evaluations and I quote. Evaluation was there in the beginning. In the beginning God created the Heaven and Earth. And God saw everything that he had made and behold. God said it is very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day. And on the seventh day God rested from all his work his Archangel came then unto him asking God. How do you know that what you have created is very good. What are your criteria and what data do you base your judgment? Aren't you a little close to the situation to make a fair and unbiased situation? God thought about all these questions all that day and his rest was greatly Disturbed. And on the eighth day. God said Lucifer go to hell. Thus was evaluation born in a blaze of glory. And the Legacy under which we continue to operate. racism before we can address the question of whether or not philanthropy or philanthropic organizations are racist one must evaluate how sensitive we have been to those Among Us with varied ethnic backgrounds. To those Among Us who are born with X with human differences. To those Among Us who are falling behind the standards of our society. Our aim should be that people have varied backgrounds concerns and outlooks live together in harmony and that we recognize and appreciate the differences among them. I believe that we are racist. How many of us have the courage to work with groups of people with different color? How many of us are frightened to visit black organizations on Plymouth Avenue or on Dale and SoBe? How many of us impose greater demands and seek greater results in Greater changes of behavior on those of color? Not many of us feel free or at least a tease and visiting the gangs or sitting in on confrontations between the various elements of our society. How many of us have offered emergency funds to Aid black leaders in working with their constituents? If racism operates to limit the Social Development of people who are black. So also must it limit the moral development of people who are white. It's Not Unusual to see a group of white standing on Hennepin Avenue Observing a glossy black Cadillac coming down Hennepin with a young white man at the wheel. The window is down. The radio is blaring. He's tapping in tune with the music on the Wheel. And the group comments, he's got it made he's really enjoying it and having a good time. The same group of whites. Also observe a glossy black Cadillac coming down Hennepin with a young black man at the wheel the window is down. The radio is blaring the man is singing and tapping on the steering wheel in time with the music and the group comments. Help him from the north side the drug dealer from the south side. The United Way of Minneapolis provides a substantial Capital Grand to a black Agency on the north side of Minneapolis so that a new building can be built to provide needed services to the young blacks in the area. For a number of reasons the building never opens with a full program and soon closes so that for the last three years there have been no programs in that building. question doesn't the donor have the responsibility to see that their funds are used for the purpose intended. And if they aren't shown some action be taken by the donor to see that the building is taken over by the black community to serve their neighborhood, which is the original 10th of the grant. We whites can find the will to build million dollar stadiums for hockey basketball baseball football. and other athletic endeavors We whites can find the will the know-how and the money. To send Rockets to the Moon. And isn't it time we start concentrating on the will the know-how and the money? To assist in writing the wrongs that we have so long imposed on people of color. We're only those who respect the personality of others. Can they then be a real value to them? advocacy philanthropy seldom looks upon itself as being an advocate or an enabler of individuals causes organizations and issues. But rather as a responder to Grant proposals and with being an advocate or in a blur of the particular organization and being directive rather than participative and more performance orienting than enabling. The burden of working with the underclass is not only to assist with the volunteers and the financial resources. But the reality of the burden is to have the burden being borne by those who feel the pain of poverty and do not let it keep them down. It is to assist others to grow in the self-directing power to become what they should be and what they can be. Staff members need to look beyond the rules and the regulations beyond the IRS restrictions imposed on donors the work done by staff members at the McKnight foundation in the area of mental health and developmental disabilities was a model of how Partnerships between donor and dhoni can bring about constructive changes in the law in the process and make life better for those caught in the morass of poverty. We should not be hesitant to espouse causes and potential remedies to our colleagues where their analysis and support we won't always know who lives we touch and make better. Where are having cared because actions can sometimes have unforeseen ramifications. What is important is that we do care and that we act accordingly. risk-taking one of the imperatives of philanthropy ought to be that of striving to take risks. To afford members of our community the opportunity to fail as well as the opportunity to succeed. Or isn't the provision of the opportunity to fail filled with the same potential richness of experience of learning and of creative power as is the opportunity to succeed. The times are making unusual demands among donors and don't ease. No longer, can we afford the luxury of looking at single issues? If we look at a single issue today, we are simultaneously faced with addressing a number of other issues. If we look at employment, we have to look at day care and health care and a variety of other things. We need also to address all of them. Suddenly we are being asked to address a number of human issues to assist in the reforming of our society. So that each human being May reach that high level of self-sufficiency. If I found a shins in corporations in their philanthropic giving do not rise to the challenge, they expose themselves to the charge that after all is said and done. They do only represent the established order and are incapable of moving beyond Genesis. Who better. And Foundations and corporations to help shed light on the difficult and profound questions of the time. Not all of the changes in our communities new program initiatives were formed without some hesitation trepidation and risk-taking. I'm quite sure that even today as we look at new needs new Solutions and new programs. We all feel hesitant and have a have a sense of great trepidation as Moses did as he compliment contemplated crossing the Red Sea. Moses had received his charge and before executing it. He decided to call him a number of his friends and to talk about his problems. He talked to his friend the engineer who responded I really don't know quite what to say. It has not been done before. We don't know the forces involved. We need to know how long the water is to be parted the depth of the water. The number of people the weight and the mass to be displaced. I really don't know what to tell you. He next chatted with a medical doctor who responded it is an expedition filled with Danger. No one knows how many poisons are at the bottom of the sea. It's a long journey without drinking water and there are many infectious possibilities with the close Association of so many people there is potentially great liability. Moses then turned to an attorney who responded you've all had experience with attorney. You can go either way. It's really a business decision. No law on the book prevents it really it's a personal judgment. The fourth and final friend was a public relations expert who responded by don't delay. Why not go for it. You're damned. If you do and damned if you don't and the least it'll do for you is get you three chapters in The Book of Genesis. Why not? Give it a try? Why not go for it? As we approach the 1990s. The basic needs of people throughout the world look larger and more difficult than ever before. As we look to providing assistance and solutions. Let us not be fearful or hesitant. We may not get three chapters in The Book of Genesis, but let's give it a try and go for it. compassion the single parent Loan Fund that the McKnight Foundation initiated some years ago was a high-risk venture. Because I think about it the risk of the project was tempered by compassion. And the imperative was to move the project alone highly motivated by compassion. And we're in we felt discussing the need in problems began with a small group of working parents. And one story stood out. One young woman working in the mother of two said, you know, we're really forced to lie. She said Society forces us to love. I have a couple bank accounts checking and saving not much, but I keep them up. I pay all my bills. I'm divorced. I go to my bank because I need to have a better car than the one I have to get to my job and the bank asked me number of questions. Are you married? No, are you divorced? Yes. Do you get alimony? No, you receive child support? No. And the loan was denied. So she said I decided to go to another bank and lie. So I they ask me the same questions. Are you working? Yes. Are you married? No, are you divorced? Yes, do you receive alimony? Yes, do you get child support? Yes. I got the loom and I've never been behind in my payments. There are many good people striving to succeed and to take ahold of their lives and we only find this true when we go out into the neighborhoods to discover who they are. Compassion is the Deep feeling for in the understanding of misery and suffering and the concomitant desire to promote the alleviation. It is not enough to believe that there is much good in the world. We must be persuaded that the underperformed good in ourselves can find expression. Compassion is the spiritual consciousness of the personal tragedy of another person or of a group of people. And the answer is are selfless tenderness directed toward. As I retire after 40 plus years in the caring professions. I have a need to leave a message to those of you who are on all sides of the philanthropic agenda the grantmaker the grantee and the recipient of the services. One should not be hesitant or embarrassed. Or feel the need to apologize for accepting and following the biblical injunction of inasmuch. As you have done it unto the least of these my brethren you have done it unto me. This is imperative is to believe that the personal concern. the Personal Touch the person who caring Is that the foundation of all philanthropy? No matter how much our agendas are filled with sophisticated and complicated problems and solutions. The concerns on the personal level are still basic. I was hungry and you gave me food. I was thirsty and you gave me drink. I was a stranger and you welcomed me. I was naked and you clothed me. I was sick and you visited me. I was in prison and you came to me. I always remember the first sermon I preached in Gethsemane Parish, which is just two blocks down the road. It was the first week in June of 1953. And my text was the passage from the 25th chapter of The Gospel According to st. Matthew which I've just posted. And after the service was order my friend Charlie sweat, who was then the senior warden came up to me, and he said Russ I want to comment on your sermon. He said the content was excellent. But the delivery was lousy. I trust that the content of the message over the last 36 years is still excellent. And that the delivery of the message has improved to a more acceptable and understandable level. I want to end by quoting a favorite of mine James Allen author of as a man thinketh. He says the thoughtless the ignorant and the indolent. Seeing only the apparent effects of things themselves talk of luck Fortune of chance. Seeing a man Grow Rich. They say how lucky he is. Observing another become intellectual they exclaim how highly favored he is. Noting the saintly character and wide influence of another they remarked how chance AIDS him at every turn. They do not see the trials and failures and struggles. That these men have voluntarily encountered in order to gain their experience. They have no knowledge of the sacrifices these men have made. Of the undaunted efforts they have put forth. Of the faith. They have exercised that they might overcome the apparent insurmountable and realize the vision of their hearts. They do not know the darkness and the heartache. They only see the light and the joy and they call it luck. They do not see the long arduous Journey. But only behold the pleasant go and call it good fortune. They do not understand the process but only perceived the result and call it a chance. In all human Affairs, there are efforts and there are results. And the strength of the effort is the measure of the result. Chance it is not. Gifts Powers material intellectual and spiritual possessions are the fruits of the effort. They are thoughts completed. objects accomplished Visions realized the vision that you glorify in your mind. The ideal that you enthrone in your heart. This you will build your life by and this you will become. Thank you.