I want to State up front that I am biased about Canada. All my relatives are from there. I spent a good deal of my childhood there. I'm biased I'm not blinded but I am biased and I have a message for Americans about that country, you know a while back probably. Mr. Mulrooney said that if he was President of the United States, he would wake up every morning and say thank God for Canada now having paid taxes in both countries. I'm not sure my sentiments would be exactly the same because there's this considerably larger but it is a special place and he is quite right about Canada's important because if you think about it if Canada wasn't where it is the Communist Chinese good sail straight across and invade DenmarkBut seriously, we have taken that Canada for granted in the states for far far too long. We lavish all this attention on little places like saying New Zealand, which is always in the Forefront of my concerns. I know which won't say let our nuclear armed ships even doc yet right next door is an independent country that says our air force can practice dog fights over their Farm fields that the B-52s can practice low-level bombing runs on their little towns because their geography is so similar to another more likely enemies and then we can test fire our cruise missiles over their land.We pay so much righteous attention to South Africa, which has all those diamonds and chrome underground and so many social problems above ground. And right next door, we virtually ignore another country that contains more uranium than anywhere else in the world and a good number of its own social problems. Some of which could more directly threaten us. We wring our hands over these socialist imaginations of the government in France. And right next door is a country Riven by historic linguistic divisions that threaten possibly someday to divide that land into two with unforeseen implications for our own National Security. We debate Ad nauseam all the different tactics employees for our use in our strategic arms talks with the Soviet Union. And right next door is the second largest country in the world that only asked to negotiate a commercial fishing treaty, which we did and which our president never bothered to have ratified by the Senate. We ship so much economic and material Aid overseas to other lands and we worry and rightly. So I think about the future and purity of our natural resources. And right next door is the lone country that by itself contains roughly one-quarter to one-third of all the fresh water in the world. And then until recently the administration in Washington refused to discuss its culpability for acid rain exporting our air pollution to filter out into Canada's millions of once pristine ponds rivers and lakes. I hope you get my point. We have overlooked and understudy Canada for far far too long. You think about it for a minute now? Here's Canada a country 10% larger than us with but one tenth of the population. It's the only country that physically separates us from the Soviet Union. It has a border with us of more than 5,000 miles. We are each other's largest trading partner by far the largest bilateral trading relationship in the world. In fact, the United States trades more with the province of Ontario alone, and it does with all of Japan. And yet the only thing we can find fight about our some excess Canadian Lumber shipments or the Hogs or perhaps trucks. Now I'm not skilled in military cost analysis, but I do know one thing for sure and that is that we'd have a hell of a lot more soldiers and tanks if our border was not the longest undefended Frontier in the world. And we need only look on our Southern flank and in our inner cities to see what social chaos a different kind of bilateral relationship can produce. Part of the problem is a chronic one whenever the US remembers to look outside itself. It is simple. We are almost always more important to other individual countries than they are to us. It seems natural quite natural to the American mind. If Japanese school children study global maps that show their collection of islands in the middle. That's quaint. Same for the Chinese and the Soviets but of course in the United States right here. We know the right way to print a map with a gigantic sprawling North America smack dab in the middle of the universe naturally could quite match. The only way should be in color and if someone probably a Canadian There's the point out that this country called the United States doesn't even cover 40 percent of the continent. Well, then perhaps someone ought to check into his background a little bit. That's obviously subversive get the mounties on that right away. If Vietnam and some of the other major historical events of recent times taught us anything. It should be that we can't and won't always get our way anymore just because we are the biggest or the strongest or the loudest or because we happen to show up in the middle of a map somewhere. Just as a naturally gifted gifted student someday reaches an academic level where even he must start working hard to achieve the same level of accomplishment. He's taken for granted for so long. So too must the u.s. Start working at achieving The kinds of ends and friendships that we have so long taken for granted because while the u.s. Is still a very important country. So to now are a growing number of other countries. We are no longer as self-sufficient as we used to be or perhaps still think we are. And interdependence has become a key word in the modern global economy. And not just with distant obviously exotic lands. I often think of the relationship between Canada and the states much like that between my two sons who had one point where 10 and 6 now at that point. The big guy is flattered by the loyal presence of his minor sibling in return the older boys rather protective of the little guy the bit but the 10 year old knows that when any game is played when any competition comes the big guy is always going to win and why not. It seems naturally, right? He's the biggest the strongest in the first and it's just the way things have been now the little guy knows he's always going to lose and for a while at the age of 6, that's okay. It's to be expected. He's just delighted to be included in the games, but kids and brothers and even countries have a way of growing up and pretty soon one boy is 20 the other 16 or 30 and 26 or forty and thirty six and those four years that mattered so much when they were 40% of a life. No longer matter at all when they're just four percent of a life. now I think that's where these two brothers and these two countries are the point is that the two brothers and the two countries have become entirely different people entirely different adults still related by blood and nothing can ever change that Canadians have a wonderful expression at the Americans are best friends whether we like it or not. What the two of them have got to work out a new more mature more Equitable relationship as my two sons are doing now that they're 19 and 50 less the two of them fall back into the kind of comfortable but childish pattern of superiority and inferiority and resented dependents. That I think roughly is where the US and Canada are today on the brink of a whole new relationship how we react and perhaps initiate this more mature more Equitable relationship will determine if it flourishes to provide an example of positive bilateral relationships and more importantly if it serves our own selfish National interest or if it decays into one of Suspicion petulance and hostility to no one's real benefit. Now when that rough tackle comes as it does when the boys get a bigger and as it surely will between the two countries perhaps already has in the eyes of some American policymakers the United States like my oldest son can say one of two things one. What the hell is going on here and who do they think they are or two? I just happened to be witness to a perfectly normal maturation process and isn't it good to grow together? Now there are many reasons for The Accidental oversights by Americans in the United States about Canada one obviously is that Canada comes somewhat late to the formation of a Nation. It didn't get its independence from Britain until 1867. It didn't open its first Embassy until 1927 in Washington and while Canada valiantly contributed much to the Allied cause of three major Wars this Century, it's always seemed somehow to be an extension of Britain. In fact, I know there are a number of Canadians who believe that in many battles of Britain fought to the last Canadian. Now another reason for the Yankees overlooking their Canadian cousins was that superficially so much of Canada can seem to be the same as the states. They play football. Well sort of the same football. They have a couple of Major League Baseball teams one of which my son fervently hopes beats the pants off the twins this year the houses in Canada. Look the same. As ours they speak English up there at one sort of although 25% of Canada speaks French. I'm reminded on that line of the story of the elderly woman whose house and sat on the canadian-american border. Half and half a one day. She got a letter from the Canadian government as everyone in Canada does almost every day. Your windows are dirty. Your car is parked too close to the street. Are you having more children? She got a letter from the Canadian government telling her that the Border had been adjusted in her area. And now her house was entirely inside Canada. She said my God, how am I going to handle their Winters? Another reason of course is the quite frankly for a long while Canada didn't really have much economic impact down here while 75% of all Canadians live within a hundred and fifty miles of the United States only twelve percent of all Americans live within a hundred and fifty miles of Canada. While Canada provides 21 percent of us Imports and takes 21 percent of US exports the u.s. Buys fully 76% of all Canadian exports. So you discover up there that the United States and its culture and government policies and non policies and inactions and oversights and unintended slights Loom far Larger than Life to Canadians are overwhelming presence is an everyday fact of their life. Whereas on the other hand even Canada's grandest achievements and there have been many at least the which I think the recent Olympics stand far smaller than life in our Consciousness. They are both realities, but one namely ours I think is an awful lot easier to change than the other now Canada was concerned with its own internal nation building agenda for a long time something the US had accomplished many decades before So that's kind of boring and lots of times on those infrequent occasions. When an American Media was out hunting up some conflict to report Canada and Canadians seen well overly concerned with small potatoes. They don't blow up buildings there. They just blow up mailboxes. And that doesn't make very good TV. And that's all tame stuff compared with African Coos Irish Street Warfare Lebanon with dramatic film color at 11 or 10 in Central Time. Here. We are the strongest Nation on Earth and we have an important Global agenda fighting communism overseeing the world sea Lanes organizing for the nuclear Holocaust believing that we are teaching the Japanese a lesson or two and all the Canadians are doing is building an economic Powerhouse in the harsher half of North America inventing insulin and pablum chocolate bars Standard Time and a Humane Health insurance policy. That is the Envy of the industrialized world. That knows about it. And all this without mind you even having a decent Revolution or even a civil war. Although of course Canada was involved in our Revolution. We invaded them. And in the War of 1812 we invaded them again just to make sure we always remember in the state's about the burning of the White House in Washington. We see the forget that that was because we had recently sacked Toronto the Civil War even the Brits of course supported the Confederacy and had Guerrilla raids from Canada against Union forces in New England both of them, but much has changed about Canada in recent times. Jesse's it took the u.s. A little over a century really to get its National act together after the Civil War ended the idea of secession and gave the word United real meaning in the name United States. So too has it taken Canada a little over a hundred years to become a nation in the sense of a family State not one perceived family as we see ourselves but a collection of widely differing families divided by Canada's innately hostile geography and climate. But United by their fervent desire to maintain their distinctiveness within the same land and also not coincidentally to celebrate that they are not of United States and above all to cherish and sometimes even to proclaim a tad obnoxiously their differentness from the overpowering cultural and economic Colossus the big brother to the South who has so dominated the early years of their independence. We'll talk about some change. Let's just see for a moment. If there's any Canadian impact on here 40 percent of New York State's Samantha's from Canada 10% of some areas electrical power that will be going up to 15% Remember the electrical blackout back in the 60s. That actually started in Ontario the Atlantic Monthly now is canadian-owned. So is the Hardys Burger chain Burger Chef beacons movers people's drugs Chicago's Harris Bank half or a quarter of DuPont is owned by Seagram's. I've seen the Robert Campo moving in on Federated Department Stores the good chunk of downtown Minneapolis. If it was in Canadian money would have a woman's picture on it the local cable TV system here and in many places Grand Funk Railroad, Milwaukee Road, Lord Thomson alone owns over 100 American newspapers Conrad black now has four dozen. Canadians, right the literature we read Arthur Haley Saul Bellow will Durant Ross MacDonald Mordecai richler Farley Mowat Margaret Atwood. Canadian sing the songs we like or at least at our kids like Bryan Adams Rush Corey Hart, but there's also Marine forest or Teresa strata Gordon Lightfoot who I think is sung every song ever written and Annemarie. Remember the comment about Ann Marie. He said that if she was in Playboy Magazine just about her whole body would be airbrushed. Canadians to give us our news Robert MacNeil Morley Safer die McNeil Peter Jennings US News and World Report really should be called Canadian news and World Report. They give us our movie dreams way back Jack Warner Margot Kidder Donald Sutherland Glen Ford Walter Pidgeon, of course, the laughs Max Senate David Steinberg Mort's all provided insight into our politics Rich Little Leslie Nielsen. He do our magic Doug Henning. Some of us may have heard of America's sweetheart. Mary Pickford who was really Canadian. Even our Captain's Captain Kirk of the Good Ship Enterprise. He's from Montreal. See I'm still really subversive. Even Curtis LeMay General amazed parents were Canadians just like mine. They invented basketball. Although he have to be in the state's when he did it. And even invented Trivial Pursuit, they run. Now one of our unions the steelworkers, they broke the UAW up into the Canadian and American one. They advised president's big numbers in ski John Kenneth Galbraith, they build and own our apartments condos Office Buildings Olympian your Cadillac Fairview our food China newsprint the space shuttle arm business Jets copying machines Air Force wings and my Buick Even when they don't own it Canadians have an impact on our lives. They may remember some years back don't petroleum. Wanted to buy the Canadian arm of Conoco. So they started buying up American shares on the American Exchange of conical and made what was intended to be a pretend offer to take over Conoco which scared the Daylights out of kaneko's management. So they did end up selling them the Canadian Armed but that showed that weakness of kind of code to other predators and Dupont and moved over and bought it which was at that point the largest business corporate Takeover in American history. Are win the Home Oil and Hiram Walker both Canadian companies companies merged and paid Marvin Davis six hundred million dollars to buy his oil Holdings which enable mr. Davis to turn 20th Century Fox private and then to sell it to Rupert Murdoch with whatever impact that may have on our culture. Canadians have long given us our booze, even when it was illegal financially fueling our Underworld for more modern times now, it's booze and beer three of the top 10 best-selling imported beers. The United States are Canadian molson's is second behind only Heinekens followed by labatt's and moose head. This is an interesting case really and it it makes a vital point. I think about the integrated economic future that I see developing in North America between the u.s. And Canada whether we have a free trade pact or not. The reality is we're on the way to it. We already see it in the automobile industry cars made in both countries from Parts made in both countries and ship back and forth as if there was no border now moose head is a beer that's made in New Brunswick. It's available in all 50 states, but only for Canadian provinces. Are you take molson's? Cold, it has made considerable New Capital investments in Canada. Not for the stagnant Canadian Beer Market, but for the growing u.s. Imported Beer Market and if Americans are dumb enough to pay extra money for a beer just because it's put in a green bottle and hauled across your Bridge somewhere Canadians are happy to oblige them. In fact that present growth rates in the not-too-distant future molson's will be selling more Canadian beer in the United States than in Canada. Gradually through routine day-to-day news coverage and classes in high schools and universities. I believe that American awareness is beginning to grow its abysmal but it's starting to change. I'm reminded of one historians observation that Americans are benevolently ignorant about Canada while Canadians are malevolently well informed about the state, of course, they have to be because they drive through here every year in the way to Florida which of course gives them full and complete knowledge of how the United States runs. Just asking about the Electoral College and then they'll start asking you about a lieutenant governor and will be back in the old parody game here. Today, there are 450 Canadian studies programs in American universities. That means that every day more than 18,000 students. Each one of them a potential book fire ours are studying something Canadian culture history politics. They have access course to the Bantam copies of the Canadians two weeks that will be the four-hour miniseries and hopefully through a combination of things someday even in the not too distant future Americans intending a compliment. We'll stop saying the Canadians. You're so much like us it's not the most satisfying news to hear for a people who have just spent the last century trying to differentiate themselves from us. It's no disrespect to an elder brother to want to be a separate individual. In fact, I believe a secure brother could see it as a supreme compliment. Likewise, we will start paying attention to the Daily details of our relationship with Canada not like some clumsy Big Brother trusting in the little guy to catch up and to share our exact same priorities. I remember one time in Ottowa interviewing Mark mcguigan when he was Minister for external Affairs and he said, you know the most important issue between us and the United States is fish and I walked across Ottowa lovely Canal went to the American ambassadors office and he said which is closer to Parliament than the minister of external Affairs office and he said, you know all the most important issue between Canada and the United States is fish and he said it as if he could smell it. Same four letters two completely different thoughts. The same could go for acid rain that concern in the US is never going to be as high as it is in Canada. because in the United States we're Rivers catch on fire and a little acid rain might actually improve the situation now our national priorities never ever will be the same. We don't expect it to be the same with Hong Kong's or New Zealand's or anybody else's and why should they be two different countries from two different similar but different cultural patterns? And histories it's one measure of the special relationship really between the two plans that the peoples of such different countries must constantly remind themselves that they are in fact two differing lands and just because you can dial for 15 you get San Francisco and 416 you get Toronto. Remember the story about the Yogi Berra son being interviewed. He was asked he said are you the same as your father? And he said yes, we're the same but in different ways, so I think maybe the US and Canada are different but the same in different ways. Americans unfortunately did not learn from the case of the SS Manhattan when they sent it across the Arctic many years ago or the Coast Guard ship that was recently sent through the Northwest Passage. Once again sovereignty it seems to me it's not a convenient term that can be used only when it protects our rights. Canada is not Libya. I don't think we have to prove a point about whose Waters we can sail through and there is much more to gain through long-term sensitivity to a Canadian chip on the shoulder. Then there is to be gained by short-term pushing of a neighbor so initially inclined to intimate friendship. All my relatives were Canadian as I said, I spent much of my childhood there for working years of my professional life much of the last two working on the Canadian miniseries during all those years. I constantly found myself in the middle explaining Canada to Americans and then turning around and trying to explain America to Canadians. I was some of both lands but all of neither one of the major purposes really of writing the Canadians was to grab Americans by the lapels. Now you get Canadians attention much better through compliments, but he grabbed Americans by the lapels because they're in a hurry to get on the bus to somewhere. You know, where the hell is it Canadians? Wait in line. It'll be here. The authorities said they'd be here Americans are supposed to be here supposed to be here in two minutes and I don't see it yet. I would Grant Americans by the lapels and I say listen, there's a brand new country that's emerging up here and you've got to take Serious continuous note Americans don't usually pay close attention to other countries until it's too late and there's a lot of trouble but this time I hope it's different. I hope we can avoid causing what remember Rodney Dangerfield story about. He said he went he went to the fights the other day and a hockey game broke up. Of course the North Stars would know nothing about anyway, if there are any questions, even if there's any answers, I'd love to have them. Yes, ma'am. Yes, ma'am. Did you have a question? Are you just had some gas or something? I didn't mention a lot of people. Yeah, I didn't want to get the Americans to worried, you know, oh my God. Well as many as many Canadians, you know, they have these wonderful self-deprecating jokes, they tell about themselves and I played a joke on my secretary when I was writing the Canadians. I wrote two pages of the most overwhelming praise for Canada and its cleanliness in the streets in the city. Remember when the that night heat or City beat our city heater whatever it's called the TV show late at night was filming a supposed to be New York City. They went out the film in Toronto and stood am clean on the streets. So they had to go get some trash and throw it around you have a car flip over and car crash, but they didn't get done before lunch. So they knocked off for lunch. They came back to Toronto cleaned it up. They had to go get some more trash and throw it around. Because after all the signs on the litter basket say keep Toronto tidy, so they do and on anyway, I wrote all these two pages of wonderful praise about Canada and my secretary took it looked at it and she said oh, yes, but you see what and I said, wait a minute look at the third page and she turned to the third page and it said all Canadians reading this much praise will immediately say, oh yes, but and start and start to qualify it. I have a wonderful self-deprecating sense of humor. We all know the Canadian stories about the Canadian satellite tickets up to the Grand altitude of 50 feet the Canadian astronauts who turned out to be Winos and get looped in orbit. I don't know if you realize it not only all my ancestors were Canadian, but all of everybody's ancestors were Canadian, they just discovered that Adam and Eve were Canadian and no seriously. They figured this out the archaeologists just figured this out because only a Canadian would stand in a perfect tropical garden next to a perfect naked lady and get excited about the Apple. So Canadians tell these jokes about themselves. And it's wonderfully endearing unfortunately in a way in a kind of a sad way. It's also kind of psychically crippling I think because they in a way come to believe it in the United States. There's a conspiracy theory if anything goes wrong, it must be the Communists because it couldn't be that we just had a bozo Olympic team to begin with OR it couldn't be anything having to do with our moral fiber or physical conditioning or strategies or anything else. It's got to be conspiracy from outside and Canadians on the other hand. A lot of times expect failure they have in the past and just surviving is good enough. I had after the Olympics about to Olympics ago the skier came back and I interviewed her. She said the difference that she noticed was that When an American skier goes back to United States after the Olympics the American sake fifth place tough luck better luck next time. and the Canadian said to her tenth place not Baddie and I think that's changing and you could see that on the ellipse. I don't know if you watch the women's figure skating and the at the recent Olympics the finals. Of course, there was particular satisfaction. I suspect in the many Canadians eyes for having knocked the u.s. In the third place or allowing the u.s. To not getting through it. Actually. It's probably the commonest but because they got but at any rate when when Elizabeth manly I was called out to get her silver medal for Canada. She skied out onto the ice waving a little Canadian flag. Which is a real change. I don't know. If even with many Canadians would notice it Canadians have not been comfortable with flag-waving they have always felt that was American bragging boastful kind of Texan in a way that kind of distasteful and she got a big Applause for that. And of course what the American TV commentators pointed out was that on her cowboy hat she didn't abc-tv pin. So at least we only focused on the important changes going on but it is changing Canadians are I believe getting much more satisfaction not just out of competing well, but out of winning and I suspect you. Remember the last Olympics they did very well in swimming not to make us into a sports a chalkboard talk here, but that's one measure of it. They are making the investment they are not concerned about losing and the old attitude of just coming out of the snow drift with your toes intact and having calling that success is no longer good enough for many Canadians. The problem comes in that many Canadians still think it is. And so you have to Canadian realities. You have the old soft shoe Shuffle of we're so small and they're so big and you're so powerful and we're so weak gosh you Americans are really something else and we need protection against your magazines and your TV shows and so forth movie screens or Garth Drew Pinsky. He's got 1500 movie screens down here. But then there's the Canada that the rest of the world sees which is an exciting. I think vibrant economically successful incredibly aggressive in business sense. And when you come to trade talks or any other kind of talks the Canadian soft-shoe Shuffle just doesn't make this doesn't match with what the reality the rest of the world. Especially the United States sees. So in many ways while Americans have a blank slate and have a lot to learn about Canada Canadians have a cluttered slate and have a lot to learn about themselves. Question was how is legal and illegal immigration in Canada being handled? Well, I know it might disturb Americans to think of there was another country where refugees were trying to flee to but I first of all have to disqualify myself on some grounds. I've not been covering this on a daily basis since I left Canada, but traditionally Canadians have had a very open immigration policy. For certain types of people that is people that they wanted to help them build that country into a country. They had Chinese coolies to be sure and they didn't get the vote either for a long time and there's a good deal of discrimination and problems in that area, but there's a point system for instance. And if you're a carpenter was this kind of skills, you get so many points and they can pretty much pick and choose who they want. The interesting point about Canadian history for an American I think is that historically its immigration policies have not been for the Melting Pot the idea that you come to Canada you come as you as we think we've come to the United States to become an American and you bring with you your Asian this or yourself american-ness or your Eastern European this and that becomes merged and contributes to a larger polyglot whole Canada believes believes it believes in Kind of the these the the Mosaic whereby you can come to Canada as an Italian and pretty much stay Italian. The factors are separate immigration status of landed immigrant, which my wife was which allows you to be both. Whatever you were as well as Canadian. And you do not have to renounce as a certain other country in North America requires some other country from the past and swear Allegiance in my grandfather was an immigration officer rounding up good solid Sky Farmers to come to Canada. He did not round them up to come to Halifax and spend the generation and then once some of them would move to Montreal or to Toronto and gradually work their way west with the frontier. He rounded them up to go to Moosa mean Arbol harm or Dauphin these were specific places that these people were being recruited as immigrants to go to and to settle this got things going in the west quite a bit sooner than it would have if you waited for families to the side. They wanted to leave Halifax, but it also created the kind of pocket theory in which you you have people in parts of Manitoba who still speak say Icelandic this helped explain, you know, Toronto used to closed Friday night and that was And there was a restaurant and when I would go downtown with my grandmother we go to a Jerry Lewis movie if it had been cleared by the sensors and that was that was a pretty wild exciting time but Canada and the last 2025 years has just exploded with this influx of these different kind of immigrants in the flavors and the restaurants and much to his success and many of the successful businessmen have been immigrants. And I mean the reisman's Olympian York, there were not native born Canadians. So they owe a lot of their success to to the immigrants and but they tend to kind of keep them as some of my more cynical Canadian friends and you want to keep them in their little costumes down the decorating the eggs because if all these immigrants have all these little minorities got together, it would make a minority and a prime minister. Name would not be Irish and French anymore. You might actually have a ski in there somewhere economically. It's already I don't know how you can get any closer together. You can take away a few little paper barriers here and there I think if Americans become aware of the Immigrant experience in Canada than if they might feel somewhat of a closer Bond, I'm not sure they're going to want to vote to merge with Canada as a result of it or something like that, but it certainly is another parallel in the joint histories. You know the first boat people read about the Cambodian bull people. The first of all people were trying to get away from George Washington. They're going back to Canada United Empire. Loyalists. And then fleeing the Democratic Rebel in Brooklyn and living near New York. Now, I can understand that. Yes. Well, first of all is smaller you're talking one-tenth the size. So you got 25 million people which is a little bit less in California in an area that's 10% larger than the whole United States. So when you see someone you're happy to see them there's a lot more where place of Canada where there isn't someone joking in park but they come from a British political tradition. There have been of course new parties come and go we just saw another one go in Britain over the years. We too did it, of course back in the eighteenth nineteenth century. There is democracy is closer to the individual in Canada. They have this insane this insane silly notion that you could compete for a national election in something under two years campaigning. And in fact, there's a limit of whatever it is six weeks or something. Of course, that doesn't mean they aren't campaigning out now for this fall, but my son for instance new to shake hands with our Member of Parliament the federal member in Canada in Toronto. I wasn't voting in case there's anyone here from Washington, but He'd be walking down the streets and all he knew him and he'd say hello to the kids and he chatted. So it was not an armored barricade of Secret Service people whisking someone threw through the city because who knows there might be a loony out there somewhere. He lived a few streets away unlike most American elected representatives. He still lived in the district George Bush's residents in Houston is a hotel room and Paul Finley's in Illinois. When he was the representative. There was a Holiday Inn room, and he had a car fact the matter is they couldn't afford to have two mortgages and live in Washington and somewhere else. And so they in effect they become represented as a Washington back in the district rather than congressman from the district going to Washington and the old kind of Andrew Jackson since Davey Crockett and so forth and I think you lose something in that and they don't in Canada. So there was a closeness. I don't know how to say this is there isn't there's a more of an intimacy with democracy. You feel closer to the elected representatives are also certain rules that just aren't done when I was there. They had a demonstration at Mark mcguigan's house and the entire country was aghast because these people have gone out to demonstrate in front of a man's private home inaudible was one sign of change really a very important sign of change and with the course the Bill of Rights and that in the the the other legal changes that were underway at the time we've seen that even when the recent abortion Supreme Court ruling in Canada, so I don't know there's just a greater sense of intimacy and a greater sense of responsiveness as a result. And if there are two Bozo tired parties that don't seem to represent adequately another one will emerge now, there's two political levels, of course Federal and provincial and and you've got certain kind of even more Little even more different parties on a political level than you have on the on the national level. They've been pretty much separate. You don't get premiers running for running for for prime minister there because you know, of course, they're larger political entities. They have a lot more power than American states and they can accomplish a lot. We have nine states. I think opposite one Province on the Great Lakes alone. So if you're running Ontario, I don't know whether you want to fool around with trying to run the whole of Canada. We're gonna take a break now, I guess you're going to be here for a couple of hours prior to the snow flying key, but we are absolutely delighted that you're here. Thank you very very much.