The title you've given me today is peace in Northern Ireland. I'm not certain how you expect me to address that to you whether for example by concentrating on terrorism or by reviewing the past and seeking it the answer to the Future. or in my view because neither approach would be right. I say that because my belief is that the key rests in the present and with the people of Northern Ireland themselves. It is not to be found just fine. In the law against terrorism by folder that is. Norton seeking lessons from a long and sometimes bitter history. I speak to you as a politician. Convinced not because of my chosen profession. Because of my understanding that it is in the development of political life that we must look for a while. at this particular time The people of Northern Ireland stand at the significant point in a political history. The political path they take rest largely in around hands. Nothing mine. No, those are the British government. And that is as it should be. With one brief interlude Northern Ireland has been Gavin from Westminster since 1972. The government believes. However, the direct rule as it is known is unsatisfactory. In the way of things that allows insufficient scope for political expression in Northern, Ireland. I've often described it as everybody is second best option but second best options are not a satisfactory basis on which to build the fastest entry is for the people to become more closely involved in running their own Affairs only that way can kind of be political stability and set a chance of economic recovery and the defeat of terrorism, which I believe are intimately linked to it. All proposals for the political development of Northern Ireland, but published earlier this year in July and are not being implemented and elections were held on the 20th of October. I'd lost Thursday for the first time in eight years a locally elected assembly met in Belfast. Northern Ireland's political circumstances are unique The two sides of the community have separate and strongly felt identities. The majority to see themselves as British and a spa to continue in Union with the rest of the United Kingdom. The loyalty lies to the crime. The social and cultural values are linked with Great Britain. By and large, they are Protestant. Add that religion is a mark of identity as well as a matter of conviction. There is also a substantial minority who see themselves as Irish. Many of them respond to Irish Unity or elect representatives who say whisper. The social and cultural Traditions are Irish. By religion, they are Catholic and again religion is a mark of identity as well as a matter of conviction. A political structure which is suitable to these unique circumstances in Northern Ireland must be formed if those who live there no, peace stability and economic Improvement. It was not disregard these identities which if peacefully expressed only honorable and legitimate. It must be a structure within which the two identities, respect and live with each other and accommodate that different aspirations. The objective of the British government's policy is to provide a framework within which the elected representatives of both Traditions can come to grips with the difficulties which face them and I believe that the assembly gives an opportunity for doing just that. From the outset the assembly will have important work to do. It will have statutory authority to debate any matters other than those which have always remained the responsibility of Westminster. It is required to set up committees reflecting the strength of the parties to the assembly. In order to monitor the wac of government apartments in Northern Ireland ministers from Westminster will be expected to appear before them. It will be able to influence policy and make direct room or accountable to the people. And also assembly members will have the opportunity to represent their constituents interest in all the activities of government in the province. I know it's not being a comfortable opportunity to that for several years. This is a sense in which I hope this embla can first be judged, but there is a cost more to it than just the scrutiny of what others do the revived political processes must. We hope lead feather if they are to realize that potential. The framework which we have provided is flexible and full of scope. The assembly has the opportunity by agreement among the parties represented in it to propose Arrangements on to which those pause which used to be exercised by Northern Ireland government in which a presently exercise directly from Westminster could be transferred back to Northern Ireland. Parliament must in law satisfy itself that any proposed rules enjoy support in both sides of the community. December is free to propose that you should take these pies back by the old at once or in stages. That's the expression Roland Eeveelution. Until Parliament approves a new system for the return of pass. Direct rule from Westminster has to continue. The main thought I would like to leave with you on this particular point is what we have sought to do is to provide a framework within which the people of Northern Ireland all the people of Northern Ireland and our Representatives can proceed at a speed and in a manner that they can best determine themselves. Of course that's been much opposition to the government's policy and to the assembly from the political representatives of both sides of the community. I understand that. It's part of the penalty of being Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. The assembly does not guarantee either side of Northern Ireland politics its own preferred solution. There is a long history of Suspicion and distrust of each other. At present the Social Democratic and Labour party, which draws his support mainly from Roman Catholics the Nationalist Community refuse to take that seats in the assembly. This necessarily means that the impact of the assembly on day-to-day Affairs is restricted. So is in the longer run progress towards and agreed basis for the Devolution of legislative and executive responsibilities. I hope that there will be a real praisal. It's important that those who support the Democratic process in pursuit of change use it refusal to do so plays into the hands. However, unwittingly of violent extremist who seek to destroy democratic government. Also send Fame secured the election of five candidates to the assembly and their supporters. I fully recognize reject the notion of anything less than Irish Unity on our own terms on the other hand 60% of the seats went to parties family committed to the preservation of Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom. Gives you some illustrations of the difficulties to go to the two identities in Northern Ireland. Recognition of those two identities is one of the cornerstones of British government policy. We've been criticized for giving an adequate expression to the Nationalist dewpoint and the water is called the Irish Times mentioned. I have repeatedly made clear my view that the Nationalist aspiration to Irish Unity Democratic be expressed as legitimate as any other aspirations. So expressed the overwhelming majority of nationalist who support the Democratic process except that Unity can only come by consent. And that to incidente is the position of successive administrations here in the United States. And for example of the Congressional leaders of the friends of Ireland, it is also the view of both major parties in the Republic of Ireland. The British government's do is founded on the same principle name of the Northern Ireland will remain part of the United Kingdom unless a majority of the people that indicate. Otherwise as a pegasus a border Poe the witch that is proficient in law. It is a hope that that can be closed unfruitful relations with the Irish Republic. The present government has devoted a lot of effort. So that end with his statue of Health Summit meetings with both Mr. Hockey and dr. Fitzgerald which of explored what we have termed the unique relationship. We should like that process to continue and regret the element of coolness, which has recently been a feature of relations between our two countries. You will not hire no expect me to come into any detail on the views of the political parties in the republic since they are of course in the midst of a general election, but I believe that good relations benefit to the people in our country's whichever part of them. They live in they need not be a source of today's who oppose Irish Unity. I do not detract from the principle of consent to which I have referred equally they do not own their own provide answers to the Deep problems of Northern Ireland Crest relations are desirable in that own terms and should reflect in the broadest sense the circumstances in which both countries find themselves. Not all those who saying I've had this already this morning that there are greater risks in setting up this assembly then in sticking with what we have. I don't believe that to be the case by doing nothing by refusing to accept the possibility of political progress. The British government would be giving the field to extremist who's driving. Is murder and destruction. I'm firmly of The View. That the absence of an effective and fully active political process in Northern Ireland in recent years has given the extremist and the men of violence a scope they would not have had in a more ordinary situation. These people have already succeeded in deepening the divisions in increasing bitterness and nurturing on an orchid disregard for the Democratic and constitutional conventions, which are the Bedrock of all Democratic societies. We must seek to remove the circumstances in which they can do this as I suggested at the beginning that is a link between Northern Ireland security problems and its political bonds the restoration of political stability must in the long-run underpin the removal of terrorism, but eight constructive movement towards political goals depends crucially on overcoming security problems, the two must go hand-in-hand for over a decade. Now these security problems have dominated Northern Ireland International image. I believe this image in many ways to be distorted, but that does not detract in any way from the evil nature of the terrorism. We experience terrorism in general is conducted by closed clandestine authoritarian groups of Uncertain discipline and immorality The end justifies the most unscrupulous and Savage of means Princeton's the other day. Two men busting on a cross from of 10 year old children and in front of those 10 year old children shut down the master who was teaching them. That is what we have come to expect it in Northern Ireland as terrorism. Over the years the government has made its position entirely clear. It stands for square against violence. The terrorism must be seen for what the terrorists must be seen for what he is and treated as such as a criminal using criminal means to subvert freedom. We should not be deluded by anybody into thinking that support for these terrorists weather in Northern Ireland all through the provision of material or funds from elsewhere is anything other than support for the most ruthless of criminals. They are not Freedom Fighters and that violence only breeds more violence. We should remember to that the great majority of people in Northern Ireland of family opposed to the aims and the methods of the IRA and other terrorist groups. The same is of course true in Republic of Ireland. And you may possibly have seen the Admiral play from condemnation Mr. Hockey recently made of these terrorists and the way in which he just says he hated them from the Nationalist tradition. Let me re-emphasize the IRA is not legal organization in the Republic as well as in the United Kingdom. And it has made no secret. All the fact that its stated objective the establishment of an all Island socialist republic can be achieved only through the violent overthrow of democratic institutions on both sides of the Border. Ladies and gentlemen, the implications of all this for the defense of Western democracy must be and will be clearly in your minds. No against this background successive British governments have made it clear that terrorist crimes are no different from other acts of violence either in that effect on the victims or in the eyes of the law. All policy is to bring terrorists to Justice in the courts irrespective of their motives and allegiances and I believe this to be the fairest and most effective response to the problems. We confront now, I'm glad to say that there has been a steady decline in violence ever since the mid-1970s the main responsibility for the enforcement of the law. Rest says it should on the peace the Army Arco still employed there in Far smaller numbers and much less prominently than in the past. They used to support a civil part, of course all the priests. Inciting violence has declined in recent years. I do not have cost wish to pay down the widespread suffering inflicted on ordinary people or do underestimate the impact which the fear of violence can have on everyday life and on business confidence many have suffered and many lives have been scarred and I've had it put to me by representatives of the Nationalist community that it is their supporters particular in the less prosperous parts of the bigger towns who have suffered most from the activities of the IRA and the repercussions those activities of had. But at the same time it's easier cost to get things out of proportion one kind of course easily compare crime rates in different places. But if you take the main violent crimes, it is a fact that the rates per head of the population are higher in some of the big contemplations in Great Britain and I suspect elsewhere to then they are in Northern Ireland does a hoe as you watch the television pictures of Northern Ireland and read the newspaper stories about it, please just remember that fact The image of Northern Ireland has also had its effect on you cannot make life Northern Ireland just had a vigorous and highly developed manufacturing economy. For more than a century its strength was built on agriculture and on the shipbuilding and textile Industries in all developed economy is traditional Industries change. I need continual reinforcement by the Northern Ireland the problems of adaptation and have been particularly acute. Northern Ireland to suffer from the worldwide recession unemployment running at over 21% It desperately needs an injection of fresh invest it is clear that does urgent need to provide worthwhile employment opportunities to those have been caught in the transition. Of the last few years and of course to the young people entering the labor market to meet these needs it is imperative the Northern Ireland establishes competitive firms. We recognize that we can all the cheap rooms in isolation Northern Ireland has attracted investment from a number of sources, but it must attract more and we would very much welcome Mall United States investment that already exists very special links between Northern Ireland and the United States both demographic play and culturally there is more American Investment in Northern Ireland than from any other country some 35 American companies with an investment of about one and a half billion dollars and all of this 350 million dollars in the last 3 years many famous names of your companies are present in Northern Ireland and they can tell you about the quality of the work. And the excellent industrial relations that exist. Let me say quite frankly that we should like your help in the Regeneration of economic life in the province. I know that those American companies who are considering investing outside United States will consider serious is setting up in the province for the Bible. I asked you not to reject the possibility because you believed it to be a place overrun by violence or instability. This is simply not true. The people are hard-working and dedicated the Divergent views of which you read so much. I'm not keratin for the Wic place where people of different opinions and religions work harmoniously together industrial relations are in fact first class. In fact with some former experience of industrial relations. I will say the difference between the British and the northern Irish. Is it the British enjoy themselves at home and go to work to call to cause trouble. Where's the Irish have that trouble at home and go to work to get a bit of peace. There is a wide array of specific measures to encourage industrialist assistance granted to manufacturing projects is particularly High greater impact than almost anybody else in DC for those who are interested. We can give standard drawings of 30% discretionary grounds about to a total of fifty percent of fixed Capital cost. They're generous grants to help with training and with many other matches to and all that we've had one or two unfortunate examples recently where the money hasn't happened as well spend so you should have it doesn't alter the fact that we took a mixed Community from the poorest part of West Belfast and within three years. They were producing a pretty sophisticated Motorcar. It's a tragedy for the two and a half thousand workers. We were walking peacefully together that the Enterprise had to come to an end. And so the British government is pledged to regenerate the economy and that is significantly more public expenditure per head. But it's the social programs and an industrial support that in other areas of the United Kingdom or commitment to Northern Ireland is such that if you compare the average spending in Northern Ireland per head of the population with any other part of the United Kingdom in all Northern Ireland just guessing between 800 and 1200 million pounds worth more money than any other part of the United Kingdom Kingdom with justify. So I think it's hard to to say this in any way we are seeking to neglect the province. political development armed security development are complementary of calls to economic development. But I believe that they will be a sheriff foundation for the economy if we get good political development, but I'm also satisfied that much must be done to promote economic growth. If we are to encourage the spirit of accommodation, which lies at the heart of the political objectives, which I have described. and setting me the title of Peace in Northern Ireland, you gave me a large canvas and I have deliberately covered a lot of ground and I have deliberately concentrated on the political process through which the British government is at the moment particularly concerned peace in any society is precious and it always vulnerable to threats from those who wish to bring about change by violent means The strength of any society must rest ultimately in the will of the people and the Vitality of that institutions and I remain determined to revive the Democratic process in Northern Ireland on a basis which is acceptable to both sides of the community not seek to disguise the different aspirations which exists but must do so in a spirit which is constructive intolerant. The pace of growth cannot be forced if there is to be lasting peace and prosperity my government looks to the recently elected representatives of the people to face the facts that we don't underestimate the formidable difficulties ahead those difficulties underlie the fact that we are at the start of the road not the end of one and it just with progress along that road that I must now be principally concerned. Any chance in this manner that we suit seek a solution to the one of the world's oldest and most intractable problems. It's a great responsibility, but also a challenge to a patient's skill and determination. And I'm grateful to you for this opportunity in front of this slow Georgians today to be able to share with you all. Hope for a better future. for all the people of Northern Ireland We will now go into the question and answer. There are three microphones in the room in strategic locations. We would ask if you wish to ask, mr. Prior question to step to the microphone state your name, and then direct your question. We are well aware of course of the strong views held on the Northern Ireland issue, and we would ask if you would to keep your questions brief and then allow mr. Prior the opportunity to respond. He will direct the questions himself. So if you wish to ask to step up to the microphone, and he will call on you. Thank you. Dr. McCafferty, Saint Paul I missed your prior in your speech you have referred to Children 10 years old. been subjected to emotional trauma in Northern Ireland By having to witness the Deeds of Violent Men you have condemned us and rightly show. I would ask you about the numerous children in Northern Ireland 10 years old and younger. Could have been killed by plastic bullets. I hold one in my hand. In spite of the fact that in the British Mainland, mr. Whitlow the British Home Secretary has disallowed their use and the riot victims last year because of their said they were too dangerous. They European court has iCloud are used for riot control and yet you continue to authorize or your son in the north, and I asked you why quilt Can I see can I say that it's quite wrong to say that numerous children have been killed. But even if one child is killed that is enough to make make the point. Can I say this that rotting in Northern Ireland is not like rotting anywhere else rioting in Northern Ireland is a very special art used by the government to give them protection whilst they are busy trying to shoot at Sakura to Targets. In other words people. Young people children are forced to go into the streets to take part in the right along with others so that there is done cover for Garmin too far at the security forces. And that means when we have found this Rick spirits that you have to try to keep a distance between the security forces and the rod if you are to avoid Very serious Bloodshed of the sort that otherwise would take place and we tried this with using water cannon and it was unsuccessful and we tried it with cs gas and that was unsuccessful. I doubt fall we had to develop another weapon and we are constantly looking to see whether we can make changes modifications and the weapon that we had to use was the plastic bathroom wrong and that does keep a rod of the nature of Northern Island under control the factors that it's not just allowed in Great Britain and could be used but it's a different type of Rod. It is not a right that contains gun men with guns who are there to shoot at the police now, I'll give you an example of what happened recently. The only case this year. I'm so tragic case. Three young soldiers were on duty in an armored car and they were being attacked by a group of young children throwing stones and they got out of that car and set up set themselves up at the side of the road to form a sort of little barricade and unfortunately the armored car road back and rolled over the body of one of these young soldiers as the other two soldiers was seeking to rescue this young man on whom the car had rolled. People started to throw stones and firebombs at the Two Soldiers and result of this was that the two soldiers fought 5 plastic bullets at the crowd. the young man the soldier was dead and unfortunately, regrettably one of the plastic bullets hit one of the children not all I would say is this we need to stop young children Rossi. We need to keep the young children off the streets and I made a lot of please following that Dreadful vacation for young people for parents to keep young people away from these things and I must say that a combination of the church who is under the better control by the parents. We've had a yeah comparatively free from the sort of rotting that used to take place the number of plastic bullets, which have had to be used. This year is a an infinitesimal fraction of what was use the year before and I hope that we can continue to make this sort of progress it is it is absolutely no point for me who are trying to bring the communities together at the find this sort of thing happens, which then sets back the process that we're trying to make on the other hand. I cannot afford to allow the security And let's face it the police know all the people who most of the security forces. I cannot allow them to be unprotected. That is the risk that we have the rum. It's a very it's a it's a it's a situation which is very much confined to the problems of Northern Ireland and I don't believe the European Parliament who passed the resolution they dropped her role is only a resolution that is not binding on the British government out of course was voted against by nearly all the British members. I don't believe that they really understood that quite the position in which they would be placing the police forces of Northern Ireland, but we will go on seeking to make progress as much as we can to remove the emotions, which is so much positive Irish history and which make the job of reconciliation between the two sides so much ball diff. But please have some sympathy and some understanding of the sort of cases we have to deal with in Northern Ireland which are unlike rocks and rotting anywhere else in the world. My question is you've spoken almost about just the one alternative of rolling Devolution have you or has the British government considered some sort of re-partition of Northern Ireland? So that is more logical and sense reduce the friction and Northern Ireland between the one the those who feel themselves Iration those who feel themselves as members of the United Kingdom. The answer is yes, we have considered re-partition. We've considered everything that I don't think there's any suggestion has ever been put up which hasn't been seriously considered because you've no idea of the concerned that we have on the cost the cost in lives and the cost in money that the Northern Ireland the Northern Ireland to Great Britain, but the problem about re-partition is Festival that it would mean moving great masses of people from one side to the other for example for those who have a geographical knowledge. There is a river the River Band and the soldiers that if you moved all the Catholic nationalists to the west of the band at all, the Protestant unionists to the east of the band of that would amount to a re-partition but the problem about that is it that A hundred thousand Catholics nationalist who live in West Belfast and you would have to move them. They're about $100,000. So Protestant unionists who live on the east Bank of the river Foyle and in other parts of the west of Northern Ireland and you would have to move then and the the Tusk of repartitioning I would be an immense one and what of itself create enormous business. You see even if you were successful in doing that and I doubt very much whether it could be successful you would not remove the threat of the IRA because the iri are only interested in one thing and that is the complete domination of the whole island and so simply by repartitioning you were You want me might make the position special for someone in some directions, but you accept and not solve the problem as far as the IRA are concerned. And so we really just miss that as being an impractical solution to the problem. We've of course, I think perhaps over the ass but Gotham at that 10 1969 when large numbers of British troops had to be sent the Northern Ireland. They were sent at that time at to stop the attacks, which would being made on the minority Community. I buy the union a majority and the troops were greeted at that time. I buy nationalists and Catholics. I with Cups of Tea in the streets and open arms and one of the great tragedy this is being the ten round and opinion since that time and that's another reason why I believe that the Right Way Forward Seth me on the character side is by the police having more strength and more passionately Catholic Community is now much better supporting the please. much more confidence in them than they have and buy a continuing reduction in the role of troops of played cuz I think that is probably emphasized and the given the wrong impression about the role of the troops and tried to combat violence got a little bit away from your question, but the answer is the one I gave Yeah. Sorry that you off to come up next then you next. Yes, master Pryor my name is filled up from a nearby place called Red Wing in this country. We we read a lot about what you're supposed concern about the flow of American money that ends up and in the form of a arms for the IRA, but I'm I'm wondering whether you have any indication that any of that comes from this part of the country every Irish person. I've talked to her other of Erica and says he knows nobody was ever send any money, but I'm wondering if you could address that problem. Well, if I say that I don't know of anyone from this part of the country who does contribute to one of these organizations probably someone else to prove me wrong. The answer is I just don't know all I know. Is that Cecily on the east coast and Pat's Boston to New York and that area considerable sums. All Supply to an organization like nor Aid and that organization supplies money which Finds Its way into Northern Ireland and is used by terrorists that to buy arms or it is used in this country to buy arms, which is then shipped to Northern Ireland, but you know, it isn't just the money. Although that is bad enough. It is actually the belief that the people in Northern Ireland to are terrorists have that they can rely on the support of the people of the United States any choose that support which I believe is so damaging what we need to do if I may respectfully suggest what we need to do is to give more money to Northern Ireland but to give it in a form that we Assassin is used for peaceful purposes. And for those who wish to give money the Roman Catholic church and the community which is a a cross community support organization or something called the island fund institutions reputable institutions and which are trying to promote peace and trying to help people in Northern Ireland, but for us to be supplied from the United States to Northern Ireland is to undermine Northern in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, but does much and could do much to underline the whole strength of Western democracy and Western society. And so wherever the money comes from I condemn That money which goes to nor Aid and goes to the people who supplying arms. Well, that's easy enough. Not another one John Finnegan, Saint Paul. Is a Northern Ireland a economic can it be economically independent or must its long-range future either be tied with the the republic or with Great Britain in some form of a commonwealth status? I think from a economic phone if you do it. It needs a bit of both. There are many things which still happened between the Republic and the north on a joint economic basis. For example, we all know Kathleen close to the investigation and I hope it will come off the supply of natural gas from the south to the north. Now that is a joint economic projects. We have many other projects. Where are we at right to share our economic strength and perhaps overcome all joint economic weaknesses. So that's always got to be a very close Bond. I think between what happens in the north and what happens in the South and similarly, I think the the great part of Britain in sadly in proportion to the power of Ireland is a hoe. I means that it would be very difficult for I love the Republic off of north of the north of Ireland to prosper unless there is a very close economic relationship with the United Kingdom. And so for all those reasons that has to be a unique relationship. I'm not going to speculate today on what that relationship I might develop into but I'm quite certain that it has to be a close relationship and suddenly the the size of Northern Island on its own with its 1 1/2 to 1.6 billion people is not sufficient to sustain the sort of industries that we think that it needs. So that will have to be there has to be some economic cooperation. Even if we can't at the moment get the political cooperation that we design Mister secretary, my name is Frank. Durcan, and I'm from New York. You mentioned before that the will of the majority in Northern Ireland, of course is Paramount. And as a preamble to my question, I think it would be appropriate to mention that the stateless itself was manufactured. Precisely to create that majority. No, I have read them the London times as recently as last year and in the London Daily Mirror only two weeks ago in their editorials Ava call. for British departure Obviously the feelings terribly intense where the police have to go around protected by soldiers and Armored Cars. Something is radically wrong. And my question is this in considering all of the solutions all of the options. And reviewing the embarrassment that has been brought too many people including Britain itself because of its conviction before the court of Human Rights and the exercise of detention without trial and all the deprivations of civil rights in Northern Ireland has the British government seriously, and she'll did not seriously consider packing up and leaving as it has from the other places that has occupied and probably that last question is that I'm absolutely convinced to do Britain packed up and left as is sometimes recommended by people in Britain. So it's something that we have calls take seriously, that would be civil war in Northern, Ireland. Ali wouldn't just be the loss of a few hundred of people or a few children It would be a bloody war. I don't let's kid ourselves about anything else. I hardly believed. I'll say this in all sincerity. But I before I had beans and Northern Ireland in my present task and although I had been reasonably closely associated with the Affairs of northern islands for number of years. I found it difficult to believe that that would be civil war having been there. Now for a. Of time. I believe that there would be civil war and I do not believe that any responsible government can get itself into a position where it's a large that to happen and say we have to stay there and we stay that at considerable cost and I might say that when people criticize us for staying there if I lost my constituents when a young Soul jewelry shops in Northern Ireland and my constituents in England say to me, why should we go on with this obligation? Why do we have to continue with it? And there's no doubt about it. There is a strong current of a pigeon running through Great Britain, which would like to see the troops pulled out, but we believe that we have an absolute responsibility to prevent Civil War and to bring Northern Ireland back to peace. And that's why we stay then we stay that for no other reason than that now it is not true. It is not true to say that the police can only go around protected by soldiers in armored cars that is totally and grotesquely untrue. You can all come to Northern Ireland tomorrow and you will probably stay three weeks and you may not see a soldier. I tore something in most of all the knowledge you won't but there are certain Pockets like West Belfast where it is true that when the priests are walking along that beats that they are given some protection but less protection now than before because they don't need it by soldiers who are backing them up. But the number of troops in Northern Ireland is now about half what it was in the mid-seventies and is continuing to the crime. And ask for detention without trial that again is a travesty of the fact it is true that the end of the early seventies. We had a period of internment and it was unsuccessful and was in the end stopped that is no internment are we allowed ourselves 5 extra days at to make deeper enquiries into a criminal terrorist activity on the on the signature of the Secretary of State? I bet otherwise Do the courts of the Lord operates precisely and exactly the same as it operates in the rest of the United Kingdom with the other exception. That for terrorist offences. We cannot have open courts & Jerry's in the same manner. And the reason for that again is a very simple one that is so much intimidation of German that it would be impossible absolutely impossible ever to obtain a fair trial leading to a conviction because the journeyman would simply be golf at not just in the simple way that occasionally journeyman a golf hat in other parts of the world, but constantly that would be Jerry Benghazi and it wouldn't just lost during the. Of time of the trial it would last from that moment on what's forever more and so we have judges sitting instead of Jerry's and the judges are absolutely impartial do not one of the criticisms I get very often. Is it the known terrorist? Walking the streets of Belfast in Londonderry and other parts of Northern Ireland known terrorist and we are unable to touch them because we have insufficient evidence against them and a lot of people with some justification say to me look, you know that terrorists. You know that Violent Men, how can you justify not getting hold of them and putting them into prison and I-10 rods and Ice Age them. Look where a lower-body nation. We don't resort to tactics which would perhaps be more common in behind the Iron Curtain or in some other countries. We abide by the law and if we have to pay a penalty that there are people walking the streets of Northern Ireland who we know are criminals and we know our terrorist that is a penalty we pay for upholding the law as we have been brought up to uphold it now that raises very serious problem. For us but don't catch yourself that we have any different systems except in the cases that I've mentioned and only that because of the intimidation the medes and all that would happen if we had jerez seeking to operate in open court. So that's the answer to those few problems that you've read. Not another one. one more one more Sean Kelly St. Paul you mentioned in your remarks that the assembly that you have begun has is lacking about. I guess I asked me about 25% of its elected members because they refused to sit 10 disassembly function. And will it will it be able to bring about political Devolution as you call it and stability North 9th to Northern Ireland? The answer is so did Conte bring about divalution at without the 25% being them because you wouldn't have the degree of cross community support which is written into the act and so assembly can do at this stage is to carry out the monitoring and inquisitorial row, which is assigned to it under direct Rule and that it can go on doing but of course, it does a disappointment and it's something that we've got to try to put right but then this a consensus of Northern Ireland and all the historical facts and prejudices that abound that I think because we don't actually succeed in the space of a few weeks and getting everything to go the right way. It doesn't mean to say you give up it means you have to have patience and understanding and you have to have a sort of durability as well that the northern Irish are very good on both sides. By telling me what is wrong and both of them could tell me what they want. Any trouble is that both are mutually exclusive and I have to find somewhere through all this in a way which is acceptable to both of them and I believe that there is a growing feeling in Northern Ireland that we have to find that way and that's why the British was stay there and whilst we would welcome all the support both industrial economically and Marley that we can expect from a great nation like yours.