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Climatologist Iben Browning speaking to Investment Advisors, Inc., in Bloomington. Browning states a combination of natural forces will cause what he terms a double-dip winter for most of the United States. It will be cold at first with lots of snow, then warm, then cold again late into next spring. For the long term into the next century, Browning predicts that crop growing seasons in many countries will be shortened by a trend to cooler weather in the Northern Hemisphere. Iben Browning holds a PhD degree in zoology, genetics and physiology from the University of Texas, and the author of several books including one titled, "Climate and the Affairs of Man".

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(00:00:00) First may I say I'm very honored to be invited to speak with this group. My time frame is sufficiently short. I'm not going to go into. detail Theory there's a book that my daughter and I wrote she's an archaeologist historian that has 400 pages of intensely documented information of the sort. I'm about to give you that and the literature. Stands behind what I'm going to say. I will not say anything that is not heavily documented. So I'm going to cut straight through to the things that are affecting us now rather than a theory of why it's happening. tidal forces trigger volcanoes We are in a period of rising tidal forces, which will culminate in this particular period on December 30th this year. You can expect headlines about earthquakes and probable volcanoes in Christmas week. If you take a vacation go ski on appointed Mountain you may get to participate in it on March 27th. Well, let me start back a little earlier. This has been an extremely active year in February a cloud was seen from satellite. Los Alamos end up an airplane to fly through it and it turned out to be a million tons of sulfuric acid. It obviously came from a volcano is between about 10 and 12 miles (00:01:52) high. (00:01:56) It was a secret volcano. How can you have a secret volcano? Well any volcanoes a secret volcano where everyone who knows about it has been killed. Then gong-gong in Indonesia, seven degrees south latitude began to go off and do in March the 30th. It's gone off a hundred and fifty-two times. Shot down a British Airways airliner lost five out of seven miles must have been exciting because it was not very good landing area. And then rather unimaginative Singapore Airways airliner flew over two weeks later and U2 was shot down. It is traffic has (00:02:39) declined. (00:02:45) The dust went up over the equator and cooled off the equator. When the equator is cool off the air squeezes down. and valves off monsoon winds the monsoon is composed of winds across the equator. In the case of the monsoon winds coming north across the equator going north west do the Coriolis Force turn Northeast. Then when they go over India, for example, if the ground is warmer than the ocean. The air rises and dumps its load of rain. This year the ground was cool. The Deccan Plateau was uncommonly cool. They are descended instead of rising the rain delayed. The monsoon was delayed and was poor when the winds cross India and run into the mountains and are forced up to mountains when they arise they dump their load. and early Criterion of weather how wealthy monsoons are doing is when you begin to have early floods in the northeastern part of the country against the Himalayas. That means that the monsoons are not dumping the water on the land. On the 27th of March another almost secret volcano went off. It was in Mexico in the state of Chiapas Southwest of yuquot on It was not realized how large it was. It was almost a secret volcano almost everybody was killed. We knew the volcano had gone off. We had no idea what its effect was or magnitude was until It was determined from satellite pictures that an enormous Cloud had gone into the stratosphere and was headed west the cloud that went into the troposphere went East the stratospheric cloud went West. When it went over our Observatory at Moanalua, it was found to be a hundred and sixty times as great as the cloud from Mount st. Helens. Now volcanic dust falls out of the stratosphere half of it falls out in 14 months. There is enough dust up there from the Mexican volcano that if each grain of dust nucleated clouds leading to one millionth of a cubic centimeter of rain that is a million grains of dust produce one cubic centimeter of rain. The amount of dust up there will produce 90 inches of rain over the entire surface of the Earth. That's a lot of dust. Is Ben nucleating cloud formations? We have an uncommonly cloudy year. In Hawaii from May through August inclusive approximately 1 and 1/2 percent of the sunlight was lost to volcanic dust. Enough clouds were nucleated that Hawaii loss May through August inclusive 30% of its neck sunlight. That's true of that band of latitude around the world. When you lose thirty percent of the net sunlight over that large an area of the Earth you run up one hell of a heat deficit, which we will have the opportunity to observe the next couple of months. We had a late Frost this year because the polar vortex which is outlined by the jet stream. This great mass of air that rotates grandly around the north geographic pole. With his Edge being the jet stream. The amount of expansion it does due to its being cold in the winter time. Is determined on the basis of how cold the polar vortex is compared to the tropical air mass? Inasmuch as the tropical air mass lost upwards of thirty percent of its net sunlight. The relationship was that the polar vortex was not as cold compared to the tropical air mass. Hence. It expanded slower. Hence. The frost was late in arriving. But both are indeed cool. On July the 18th. There was an enormous snowstorm in Northern Saskatchewan area between the great Slave Lake and Hudson Bay two feet of snow in July that storm would have happened in Baffin Island 40 years ago. On the 25th of August 1/2 million tons of wheat froze and was destroyed in Northern, Alberta and Saskatchewan. On the 26th of August 1/2 of the tobacco in Canada froze to death. And snow on in Killington Vermont permitted them to tell to ski I am told for the twelfth month in a row. It takes dust until the next Monsoon period which is now the monsoons are now going from north to south. It takes dust pasta Monsoon period to spread into the opposite (00:08:07) hemisphere. (00:08:10) And it takes dust several months to spread evenly over the hemisphere in which it originated. By late this winter early spring. We will have dust pretty well evenly distributed over the northern hemisphere. And by next year, we will have dust evenly distributed over the entire world. We can expect because of that that the contrast between the polar vortex and the tropical air mass will be much greater next year because dust at high latitude the the sunlight goes through it at a narrow angle and more is absorbed. Expect that next year the Frost's will be quite early. By normal standards. And by the way, we have not had normal weather for the last 50 years. We were returning to normal weather which is just awful. We've just been through the 15 warmest years in the last Eleven Hundred Years. We built our industrial complex in the United States World Wars 1 and 2 inclusive During the period when there was not a single large volcano. That penetrated the Stratosphere in the northern hemisphere. The sun Shone brightly being warmest in the 1930s and cooling off as it will progressively do until 2010 at which time the Sun will be coolest. Our tidal forces have turned up in 1972 having it's a hundred and seventy-nine are basic tidal cycle. This is pure astronomy. The tidal cycle turned up in 1972 and the volcanoes began again. While the tidal forces were going down. They do not trigger volcanoes. Let me explain that suppose. I wanted to study big explosions. I know how to make a big explosion. I can put water in a boiler fasten the valves down real tight and build a roaring fire in the furnace. I've arranged for big explosion. Now if I go by every five minutes and hit it with a hammer I've arranged to be there when it happens if the explosion is going to happen for certain. (00:10:29) then the hammer (00:10:29) tap insults the material it is containing it and determines when it occurs similarly volcanic explosions are going to go off for certain energy comes from inside the Earth. If they're going to go out for certain, then the tidal forces are the hammer tap that insult the retaining material and make it possible to statistically project when the explosions will occur. During the from 1893 where we had the highest title for sending ten thousand ninety seven years since then the tidal forces have declined until 1972 during that time Vulcan sat virtually stopped. Now it has started up to give you a measure of the effect. Remember 1972 is the year the tidal forces started up. Until 1972 are 12 month running average snow cover in the northern hemisphere range between 20 and 22 million square kilometers of ice in 1972. It jumped to over 70 through to over 23 million square kilometers we jumped. A million from the average we jump to million square kilometers since 1972 the ice covered. The northern hemisphere has been between 24 and 26 million square kilometers persistent. We have lost three point eight percent of the northern hemisphere is entire land surface to ice since the tidal forces turned up in 1972. That makes crops fail where ice is important? We does not do well in ice. Starting in 1972. The Russians had a crop failure. They bought eight and a half million tons of grain. Since 1972 since the beginning of 72 they bought twenty to forty six million tons of grain per year every single year there has not been a year when they had an adequate crop. The Russians have lost the ability to feed themselves for the next hundred years. Canada will cease to produce grain. But the turn of the century this year Not only was a half million tons destroyed in Northern, Alberta and Saskatchewan. But in Canada, the growing season is sufficiently short that you do not permit. The wheat stocks to stand for the grained to mature. You mow it and lay it in windrows they did so this year and before any had ride they got snow on the wheat that was laying on the ground. So it melted this year. Later on, it will not melt Canada will lose approximately 40 days out of its growing season in the next 20 years. Canada now has a marginal growing season Toledo, Ohio 40 years ago had a hundred ninety five day average growing season. Now, it's a hundred and twenty day average. It has lost 75 days out of its growing season in the last 40 years. It will lose another 20 days. The Corn Belt would be growing 95 day corn. by 2010 the climate of 1840 in Charleston, South Carolina What is the same as the climate was in 1940 in Toronto? Toronto's 1940 climate will be found in northern, Mississippi State by 2010 The Mississippi will normally freeze over down to about Natchez. This area will grow no heat. Canada will grow no heat. This area will be forced to rely on barley or oats are perhaps millet. During the warm time we've had in the first half of this Century the warmest I would remind you in a Thousand Eleven Hundred Years. The Northern Tier States was extraordinarily productive. Now this getting cold a Southern Tier States will be very productive and in crops and the Northern Tier States will have to go to those things that lead to more indoor time. As for this particular winter, this will be what I call a double-dip winter. You'll have severe wind chill factors beginning in November and going through December if you enjoyed last winter, you will love this one. Then a low pressure cell will get swept along. The jet stream which by late December or early January will sweep across the Gulf of Mexico. Now cold dry air is heavy on both counts and goes toward is centrifuge toward the equator. Warm wet air is light on both counts and baubles up toward the North Pole like a cork and water. This will be similar to the thing that happened in January 1978. When the low pressure cell was swept by the varies far south jet stream across the Gulf of Mexico. It didn't swept up the east coast and died off Greenland. And this injected a plug of are about 10 miles. They can 300 miles diameter into the polar vortex. This of course warmed the polar vortex the air was warm and also the humidity absorbed a great deal of energy. this caused the circumpolar Jetstream it caused the polar vortex to collapse and become much smaller. And this was in the month of January. The result was that the storm track withdrew coming up across Minneapolis here and Swinging up into Canada north of Montreal. Montreal has during the length of its records had sixty eight point one centimeters of snow each February that February it had 11.4. It's very hard to sell skis and Ski-Doos when all you can see is rocks. In the succeeding Winters over half of the snow equipment business in Quebec went bankrupt because this winter was not consistent. It was so inconsistent that people felt like they might not need Ski-Doos or get to use this keys. So it'll get very warm in February. The apple trees will blossom in New York possibly in New England, but the winter is not over it will get cold again late, March April and early. May will be very cold again and the fruit trees that have blossomed in February will freeze to death in April. It'll be so cold in this second dip winter that there's a 50/50 chance of freezing citrus trees in, Florida. Now please believe. I'm not saying this is a scientist. I'm saying it as a businessman because scientists are not permitted to talk until their 99.9% certain and I'm not I'm only 80 percent certain. My record has been about 80% for the last 7 years. Furthermore nothing I say is a recommendation as a matter of fact, I hate some of it. But I think it's going to happen. Further I am convinced from data that I have on Earth. But no human being severely affects are in fact affects the economy the state of the economy. It may sound like a while statement. Let me defend it for a moment. It is said that when America has a cold rest of world gets pneumonia. We certainly are an important trading partner now. And you could believe that we are affecting other people's economy at the present time. We were much less important trading partner in the 1930s than after World War II, but still you could make some kind of a case that our depression caused (00:18:56) other people to get one, (00:19:00) but I would observe to you. That the storms there is a tremendously firm confirmed record that there is a period of storminess ever 45 (00:19:10) years. (00:19:14) That's contained in the fossil beaches in the Basin of Hudson Bay the last eighty three hundred and thirty years have averaged one period of storminess every 45 years that's left to Fossil Beach. A hundred and eighty-five fossil beaches in a row we in the business World referred to anything that happened a hundred eighty five times in a row is a trend. It's no great surprise if it happens a hundred eighty-six time. It is happening now. Every time we have a depression we have dust storms. We will have dust storms this winter because the winds will be very strong and persistently from the west but West Winds cross the Rockies and are stripped of their moisture. They'll be relatively little moisture relatively little precipitation in the high plains and wins it rains up to a hundred and twenty miles an hour flat out that will blow the dust down wind. We will have dust storms this winter for that reason. Now you can defend a cases for the economy our economy affecting others in 1970 1980s and at night and 1930s. But there's no way you could seriously defend it for the 1890s 1840s and 1800. And we had two persons at those times and we had dust storms at those times and Western Europe had depressions at those times and Russia had famines at those times and China had famines at those times. whether they were under Kaiser Bismarck King of France parliamentary government in England Bolsheviks communist everybody has depression go into it at the same time bottom at the same time and come out at the same time. Since everybody wants to affect their own country. And yet no country has been out of phase with any other country. I have to assume that no one has any effect. If that is correct, if no one does have any real effect then what is our current situation? Except for the very high tide on December 30th, which might put a lot more volcanic dust in the upper atmosphere. But if we get through it without a great deal more dust then this is the bottom of this depression or severe climate are Call It Whatever you will famines in Russia except for foreign food. And the next five years we'll go back toward what we think of as normal. which isn't but enjoy We will not have another round of this until 1988 when the tidal forces began to rise again and the Anvil chorus of all the volcanoes begins to fire again. the tidal Force goes plunging Upward at that time by 208 is so (00:22:10) very high. (00:22:13) That all of the hot volcanoes the United States will have to go off and eat all the northern hemisphere. And that then will persist for about a hundred years. This is the blinking light at the end of the bright times business thrives on change you're going to have unparalleled opportunities. Thank you very much. If you have any questions, I'll see if I can answer them. Toledo has dropped from a hundred ninety five day growing season 220 days since 1940. The growing season of corn has dropped from hundred thirty-five day car and about a hundred fifteen day corn and is declining and there's a pro-rated amount grown depending on the length of the growing season. This is a movement. That is moving West slowly. The growing season is declared as declined in Iowa, Minnesota and so on. But will continue to decline for some time. This has to do with the magnetic field that is pointing toward us at this point in time. The magnetic field goes around the earth and 1600 years when it pointed toward England 1600. They had what they called the little ice age now, it's pointing towards Chicago. We will have the 1600 version of the little Ice Age except where further south so it will be less severe. The upper Peace River Valley and British Columbia has been abandoned for wheat. It was cleared for wheat about 15 years ago now they cannot grow it there. and the northern 15% of Saskatchewan They do not know what they're going to plant until I know when they're going to plant it. They have ceased being certain they can plant wheat now they've begun to plant barley in half a year. The water in the Prairie Provinces is much declined the Ducks of shrunken half and their numbers and the Ducks are now nesting in North Dakota instead of the Prairie Provinces. It's getting colder and drier in the West. And it's almost certain. Well specifically from 1940 until 2010. The temperature will have declined a total of two point three degrees is decline one degree already. The girls latitude of crops go South 300 miles per degree the net from 1940 will be 700 miles south. Minnesota and North Dakota a few years ago with the exclusive Growers of durum wheat now Arizona is number three coming up very fast. That's a tremendous climatic shift to that crop. New Mexico has gotten to where it cannot grow cotton is too cold growing Seasons Too Short The Cotton has to be grown Texas or farther south. on the 4th of November the cold winds coming out of off the Arctic Ocean were freezing in northern, Mexico. Corpus Christi Texas was at 30° on the night of the 4th of November. They don't know what to do with 30 degrees for God's sake. especially in early November so crops will move South will grow the same crops. We will still have a glut it is not the land it is the people that produce the blood. (00:26:02) Once again, iben Browning a climatologist who lives in Albuquerque, New Mexico and whose book recently in Bloomington, Minnesota giving his prediction about what the world's climate will be like over the next few months and in fact over the next 50 years or so. The time is about 12:30 and more immediately. Our weather has not changed much in the past hour Minneapolis. St. Paul drizzle 38 degrees Duluth superior not available with a noontime reading but as of 11 o'clock 32 with Drizzle and Duluth and Rochester thirty-eight st. Cloud 34 with fog Fargo-Moorhead 33 and cloudy in Sioux Falls. Now partly sunny and 37 the first partly sunny reading that we've seen so far today.

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