Good evening, and welcome to Forum during this year of State political campaigns. The University of Minnesota is introducing a new course in Minnesota parties and politics as part of the summer evening extension classes course Professor William Hathaway notes quote Time magazine in 1973 National political writers with some frequency and a national study of the quality of life have all noted the high quality of Minnesota politics Hathaway continues. We need to learn how our political parties are connected with the quality of life in Minnesota lest. We unwittingly sacrifice something we are seeking to improve the course features various State political figures and political analysts as guest lecturers. The first of these was JC at army town Chancellor of the Minnesota state college system. We spoke on Minnesota estate and its politics.well, ladies and gentlemen before I took this difficult job and I'm still in my living as an honorable man as a college professor. I was interested in state and local politics and my fields and I know and I present roll get around the country agreed to you and people ask me. What is the about Minnesota state that you were the last generation have send us some remarkably interesting people to the National into the National Arena and really ask yourself that question. What is there about Minnesota Government and politics that might help explain the really remarkable. delegation to the Congress to presidential nominating convention to the National Arena of American political life. What is the about the state politics Pierce in his book? They Prairie States? Has singled out Minnesota is perhaps having one of the best political climate in the entire. Which is a general statement and in what way can we attribute this to concrete identifiable institutional? I would say that at least a half a dozen. intense competitiveness politics they are there was competitiveness in the earlier days on the 28th with in primaries within a political party in the Republican party for many years in the state of but this was not a one-party monolith. It was a Republican party through the primary mechanism some very tough and I think of the primary Battle of Lynchburg when I think of the battle so they were Jose protest protest Progressive element in the Republican Party theater Roosevelt republicanism was very active in Minnesota and the third party. party the Grangers silver Republicans various other factions in and out of a primary Congressional primary. The Democratic party was a very small limited range of political organization that was mostly concerned about the car custom collectors in and National presidential convention in terms of the behavioral reality estate belonged to 3rd 4th 5th and 6th to the Republican party where the real battles were fought outfit. So fascinating struggle internationalism in the Republican Administration assassin was evil governor was called the boy scout. Halogen evil administrator probably one of the ablest Old Guard band contest. So you have been you have it after the passion out of the fusion of the democratic party delegate the Republican party or run for their money mission of dissident and dissenting reformist elements democratic-farmer-labor party convention. And Humphrey was speaking in 39 40 and who is this guy from from the city if I could come pick you up and then rule setting he talked too fast, and he seemed to slicked and he seemed too much the the city politician. Rural, they write a heck of a Time handling this particular style of inspiring rhetoric in those days or diffusion which and the battle was on the first really significant year of victory for the day when we used to call that in those days the class of 48, He was elected that year Humphrey was elected McCarthy for the district in St. Paul Humphrey for the United States Senate black Nike headband Congressman before The word congressional seats picked up and this was an important in the right-wing what you missing describe hand in my little book here. And that was a bitter struggle. Which labor right? The radical segment in the urban setting was a child. I spoke with left-wing tripping these days and he still hasn't forgiven some extending to the bitterness of that the left-wing right-wing. In 66 was an octave where the parties are separated by 91 Volts for 3 months. We didn't know who the governor of Minnesota we had the largest physical recount of ballots in the history of the United States in this steak and incidentally a recount in which evidence of political manipulation was brought to the surface steaks made Miss entries the balance misplaced but no evidence over 700,000 of political corruption competitive go that in the last 2 years. They were over 20 legislative contest. You had one was it half a dozen tree comes in the last legislative contest. So you had an enormous political competitiveness and that I think is a healthy viable in competitive second. I can think of a single approved major evidence of political corruption in a generation. You know Eleanor a daily operation Chicago. We just don't have this kind of thing. The great factor is that Minnesota politics was remarkably programmatic. The Republican Party the Democratic nominee long citizens conferences on issues that used to go to the district and it's been hours bills been sitting and so that every other leaders and activists in prison party and listening and task. Egroups. How do the people feel about this issue? And how did the people feel about that issue when they wasn't genuine attempt by both political parties what kinds of issues age meditation law enforcement School District organization Health the highways the taxation always loomed large and I want to say something about taxation moment. I have actually a conference where he has never had this kind of thing used to be big platform. So long long sofa Kennedy. What very issue conscious and water jug in Minneapolis was a man who held and effectively articulator over many years war. The judge was the spokesman of a segment of republicanism to the National Administration in contest for vice president. See you there effective person view of a republic. Democratic-farmer-labor party, I think of the programmatic awareness of the Dorothy Jacobs and which was all over Freeman's the old Eagle in matters of programming platform. I think of them in terms of ideological alignment Don Frazier. spokesman for labor Program in the end. They they were not just running for office to gain office. But they view the political contest as a method of translating program in the West Was Won against who will build a solid organization and public involvement in politics Democratic party as well as the other Freeman and to build organization off of naftulin involvement in structure. We're in this is an important Point women. I would say women and intellectual to clean the organizational dimensions in many states of the Union women wouldn't be showing the time of day in the political structure this approach to politics. But in in the tub the protocols, I haven't done some heavenly bodies of women played at a charity important role in the organizational the lady who married judge orders recently Jimmy Evans and Eugenie Anderson, I mean outstanding people highly intelligent people at one time. That's what states are highly important people. Highly intelligent Women College people did the urban phenomenon Eugene McCarthy was at these were people who often afterland. These are people who are close to the universities and provincial extra life of that time and internationalism and foreign policy issues in these men and women can translate the rhetoric and do behavioral reality. And that is the that is a vehicle is a political party. Panda I have the ranking he and I brought this one intentionally among the 50 states of the Union Minnesota ranks V per capita spending for higher education. For example, we are below average per capita income is a state that puts his money where his mouth we haven't we have the lowest rejection rate for two I think of in the draft. a very high-tech structure We rank incidentally. In per capita state tax revenue around the nation. Minnesota per capita level is $422.44. The national average is $325. We rang. About the national average for highways. We are near the top. As I said the example. We were ranked seventh in the nation of basic state and local tax government expenditures for all of Education. We are ranked seventh in the nation. 46% the total government expenditures in Minnesota go to education. Minnesota rank on the capital state and local expenditure for local school You know, you can't get this thing cheap, but if you want a good educational plan here to put a reminder in Minnesota has put his money where its mouth. Well, I could go on and on give you lots of other places if you want quality of life building a critical intelligence is always around the corner in this in this business. What are some other factors Minnesota and apples to the papers for example, where a major force in putting his the state from the isolationist Retreat kind of position into the mainstream of internationalism in the world and I think I can take some credit for that the first ever. Beginning of World War II memories were forgotten in the we don't want to go to that right now. That's an interesting story. What else do I think basically that the caucus system made it possible for people to move quickly into the political. I mean you and your brother-in-law and sister-in-law and Mom Paul and Uncle can take over Precinct Rock. Let me know. Stomach when you had to go through complex procedure constrain before you have a joining a political party that you wanted to say adieu. When do the caucuses and if you open your mouth once you were elected secretary if you open your mouth and I had people coming to me as a my gosh. I don't know anything about this organization. They made me a delegate to the people in the district and state conventions did not come down as well as the political situation. Manipulating a time to gain control of the carcasses, but generally speaking it was relatively open they were conducted in. Marianne by parliamentary procedure in a way where there was a you sometime candidacies in the National politics in times of both political parties find strange people. Wrong people show up at the right cocktail, right the right people the wrong car. Anyway, I can open the situation thing in Minnesota is the fact that 10 the mm we've had the a an effort pretty systematic efficiency and Effectiveness in public life la banda and is almost every one of all the keys with a functional reality and with social social service expectations that has a definite motto to live by us is helpful to rationally. responsibility of political life Problem, like all states of the union with finding ways of collecting money for political activity. It is the Dark Continent of American politics has been unsatisfactory dimension of American political live this business of getting funds for is no good way that we have in this country and reason I don't need you don't need me to come in and great detail on what is a hanging out all over the nation experiment with an ocean all the tax deductibility for political contributions. I think one of the picture of your taxes could be deducted very small amount already had their sustaining funds activity long before this became popular. Some other work on these concepts of keeping a bet finding better ways with which to finance political life Minnesota. It's it's an interesting State. You're not a populist some extent. This is giving us an advantage about in terms of the great economic progress. We we are on the wrong train track Palin here. As you know, the great railroad system. This country was built from west to east and north north and south Dimensions always had a problem. We had to get around the building trade commercial disadvantage not Everyone likes our climate. We've had we had an exceptionally great or resources. We are all a middling. Well state that I think has done remarkably. Well with its leadership with the two political institutions and with creating a climate in which you can live a good life so good. In fact that men like peers to go around the 50 states of the union and truly the very top if not the time in the quality of life that characterizes the political talk shows. Let me see a word about the nun thought it was that has been viewed by some as a grape. Factor in giving us a good political culture. I don't know. I can make up my mind. And the reason why I can't make up my mind just because I never thought it was so it was not granted as Johnson or hansen-mueller Greenberg, whatever you did and at least on the Bell. Social pressure into the vacuum apart of designation and party endorsements were made in the party endorsed candidate. The Democratic party went very heavily into the endorsement business as a matter of fact in my jug and that maybe inaccurate judgment one of the reasons for the success in the early days was the endorsement endorsement mechanism did it is guided otherwise be without guide is to who is this and who is not responsible or accountable for what positions are they helpful. I view the Endorphin process as a helpful advice for responsible party building in response to a political leadership. The Republican party has been on both sides of this issue. When there was a real effort made to endorse informal endorsements informal caucus endorsements. And that by and large is our lady of on the little girl that was close to the GOP. That was an exceptional Center. Very interesting institution. I don't have the time to to go into it, but I would respectfully suggest that one of the reasons you have pretty good legislation this state that you had some very high-powered. Actually highly competent. Send it in the Minnesota Senate. rosemeyer Senator, Robert Dunlap American right Holmquist He's a phony. Of men who ran that side and of all these full grown from many many years Rosemary as a Stanford University law graduate. from Little Falls, Minnesota Who had an extraordinary intellectual competence conservative? Good friend of Education, by the way. I am a man who will. strong friendships in certain segments of the business community and he had some of the interesting laws nusenda played an important role in it. Some people thought not responsible enough to affect very proud and very proud of this conservative independent and responsible to no political experience people know that that is not always but some people is a local accountability making a programmatic a responsibility. some important measures or which other constituencies do not have maybe you'd like to see if we got some questions. I like to I like to eat. That's it. That's an interesting question and diarrhea again. No response is that I would give you I think part of it is that there's a German Scandinavian Eastern European commitment to education is terribly important in the northern part of the state. I'm thinking of the block Nick in the Peter Popovich's this is State came from Slavic backgrounds their fathers broke their backs off in the mines and pits of northern, Minnesota railroad life was hard. And that part of the state for many many years probably was great. They gave you the education as a conveyor belt to to it was possible only through education. That was a great preoccupation with that. School the schoolhouse in the school was important. Is Arjun of a private institution when I think of Catherine's Wheel service oriented people not a wealthy Callister when I came to that little institution of a phone in 65 students. There was a commitment to build a good society when I think of the alumni of these institutions most of them are not wealthy people. great policymakers occupations teaching Social Work welfare and judge Marsden he was a poverty-stricken spindly youngster who whose father was an itinerant Methodist preacher who literally his father produce in lieu of salary many how many church that he service when I watch them last night on television at the hearings dealing with poverty and food problem. You say I said to my wife, you know, this is one of the few Senators Suave and smooth and sophisticated conveys of a hireling. active cool man It's probably one of the few weeks. And who would have made this part of his Credo large numbers of youngsters to be unattended Medical Care with Medicare and Medical Care in this to him is not just a give me to get a vote. This is a passion to do justice. And when I think of the Humphreys came from The Dakotas with that Great Depression element and well, we all political leaders in their own personalized menu real. No, depression or constraints or personal property? forecast the first The answer the first part of your question is that I can continue to see competitive phenomenon is a strong Republican candidates will the weather that storm is Democrats have to have their whether they are Stones. I'm not a great deal about the viability of American president who died. Well, you know what I mean and and the country goes on. End of the world survival crisis of all institutions is critical. Institutions of sound and sense of the word leadership and see about basic life is modern conservatism American political Minnesota and platforms notwithstanding. I don't know whether you realize another state at one time has had the most radical platform of any political party was the most radical platform Teva topsify by party that held office in the states. Davanni's on potty but so we've had little president the meaning of thrust of public opinion and Gavin Anderson. So I think to answer your question to a or they will be I continue to see if competitiveness and all major body system to show up the little Leo A reading none great. Non-ideological Optics. I don't see all the Liberals in terms of ideologies pragmatic make an analysis of the behavioral component of both political parties democratic-farmer-labor party has University of radical small business. Farm Cooperative leaders and membership Farmers Union unions that are not by any means very reactive radical. Milan So I don't see any idea logical align, probably the gravity of gravitational Tennessee where the Republican Party a a more moderate conservative gravitation, Tennessee and gravitation sent. Father I think we allowed one more question without imposing on the chest. Did I answer your question? There was another somebody robbing banks in the country, Houston. Your point is well taken from the senate in the side has the largest I think the largest send it in the nation. The house is not. Why don't use a question the size of a light switch will be reduced. However, I don't belong to that. Group of people who are so very sweet that I can prove to you the 20 less legislate. Will suddenly be making enormous amount of different. Able to make payroll difference yet about to in terms of the quantity of legislative. I know of not a single behavioral study that relates directly performance criteria. to the size relationship I think it's such a thing as much too long in the New Hampshire before 5 for the house. I think it would be a hundred one of these days, but I'm not sure that that by itself will make a clear provable bed output. one more That's an interesting. flexible I have a couple of books in which I waxed eloquent and poetic and everything else about the the annual session in the more the better and I suddenly find myself. Confronted by two sets of event which I didn't anticipate. And that raised serious questions about how many sessions we need in a day. We need an annual session of full-time session. I want the number of questions. First of all, let's make some distinctions yet. You can't have an annual session. which we now have You kind of flexible section which is a biannual flexible tissue. So many days spend over. . Time over the biannual so we have to be sure we talkin about. I think we've reached the point where the question of who can serve in the legislature. Who can afford to serve in the legislature is becoming a very serious public policy question. Now what were the two developments that I didn't anticipate? First thing that I didn't anticipate when I was very emphatic on long and annual session. Freezing and anticipate was the fact that dumb. the leg of public salaries for the legislature so great. in an inflationary. To that We are. pricing out of the legislature identifiable groups of the public who cannot afford to serve in Lake Station salaries enough and the time is available for that occupation professional. and that is that the young people having gotten the 18 year old. Can I have a very great influence and large number of cannabis? That could give the legislature. awagent View so you could end up with a very young and the very old and very rich to make a long story short, which would take some what of the representativeness legislature away from. I don't have a quick answer to the question. Probably but we will end up with will be short her annual session. And hopefully our higher pay and the third element that I didn't realize is how it is for the public to accept. It is just extraordinarily difficult. for the people to accept but this is the smallest item. But you have in a whole public business. And that you ought to pay and pay Heiser for comforting people. That is the best investment you can make in a competitive openness of the total spending. That is another aspect and that is I underestimated somewhat. Probably the the Gnomes Grove. oven liquid complexity and the difficulty to make a distinction between policy-making and administration. I think we have to be very careful in Niger. Is it will be all of us coming out on these days in the position? Dealing with broad leaving administrative detail to administrator. But the longer your fish. The greater the inclination of the legislative not necessary to constrain itself marriage abroad policy issues. the green of The Temptations To get themselves involved in details of administrative discretion which ought to be left to administrator who interned then I'll respond. So strong in the sense of centralized accountability to the public at regular election about to brew and I hadn't seen the the implications for the future. That was G Theodore Midtown Chancellor of the Minnesota state college system who spoke on Minnesota estate and its politics of speech was in the form of a lecture to a new course being offered by the University of Minnesota extension service, of course in Minnesota parties and politics that concludes for him for this evening. 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